核电磁脉冲的频谱分析和空间场分布研究

Study on Spectrum Analysis and Spatial Field Distribution of Nuclear Electromagnetic Pulse

摘要: 为了研究核电磁脉冲的空间频谱和电场分布规律，以1976年学术出版社制定的双指数函数波形模拟核电磁脉冲，对核电磁脉冲波形的时域参数、频谱、能流谱进行分析，分析得出核电磁脉冲的频谱范围在100 MHz，在0.001~10 MHz能流占比为96%，在100 MHz能流占比为99.8%。并根据频谱分析结果在多物理仿真软件COMSOL中建立模型，进行空间电场分布仿真计算。得出结论：在100 MHz的频率下，电场的空间分布呈中间大四周小分布，随着核电磁脉冲传播距离的逐渐增加，电场强度值逐渐减小，同一平面中间电场值的衰减速度要快于四周的电场值衰减速度，其空间的电场分布越来越趋于均匀分布。在相同距离下，随着核电磁脉冲频率的增加，其电场分布值逐渐减小，且越趋向于均匀分布。

Abstract: In order to study the spatial spectrum and electric field distribution of nuclear electromagnetic pulse, the nuclear electromagnetic pulse is simulated by the double exponential function waveform formulated by the academic publishing house in 1976. The time domain parameters, spectrum and energy flow spectrum of the nuclear electromagnetic pulse waveform are analyzed. It is concluded that the spectrum range of nuclear electromagnetic pulse is 100 MHz, the energy flow ratio is 96% at 0.001~10 MHz, and the energy flow ratio is 99.8% at 100 MHz. According to the results of spec-trum analysis, a model is established in the multi-physics simulation software COMSOL to simulate the spatial electric field distribution. It is concluded that at the frequency of 100 MHz, the spatial distribution of the electric field is large in the middle and small around. With the gradual increase of the propagation distance of the nuclear electromagnetic pulse, the electric field intensity gradu-ally decreases. The attenuation rate of the electric field value in the middle of the same plane is faster than that of the electric field value around, and the spatial electric field distribution tends to be more and more uniform. At the same distance, with the increase of nuclear electromagnetic pulse frequency, the electric field distribution value gradually decreases and tends to be more evenly distributed.