基于石墨烯光电探测器研究进展

Research Progress of Graphene-Based Photodetectors

摘要: 光电探测器日渐改变着人们的生活，从医疗检测到航空航天，从安全检查到遥感卫星，从食品安全到生物监测，光电探测器的影子无处不在。传统的探测器面临只能在低温环境中工作、响应率与频率之间相互制衡等问题。石墨烯的出现极大地激发了研究者在探测器方向的研究兴趣，有望克服这些弊端。石墨烯具有优异的物理性质、较强的光吸收能力、以及非线性光学性质，在探测器应用中有着极强的优势，可产生快速响应与宽谱响应等优异性能。本文介绍了石墨烯性质、探测器性能评价指标、石墨烯探测器探测机理以及石墨烯探测器研究进展。除了使用石墨烯单一材料制备器件外，还可制备各种异质结型、金属增强结构等器件提高石墨烯探测器性能。

Abstract: Photodetectors are changing people’s life day by day, from medical detection to aerospace, from security inspection to remote sensing satellite, from food safety to biological monitoring, the shadow of photodetectors is everywhere. Traditional detectors face problems such as only working in low-temperature envi-ronments and the trade-off between response rate and frequency. The emergence of graphene has greatly stimulated researchers’ interest in the direction of detectors that are expected to overcome these drawbacks. Graphene has excellent physical properties, strong light absorption ability, and nonlinear optical properties, which are highly advantageous in detector applications and can pro-duce excellent performance such as fast response and broad- spectrum response. In this paper, we introduce graphene properties, detector performance evaluation index, graphene detector detec-tion mechanism and the progress of graphene detector research. In addition to using graphene as a single material to prepare devices, various heterojunction-type and metal-reinforced structures can be prepared to improve the performance of graphene detectors.