我国传统复仇制度的现实意义

The Practical Significance of Our Traditional System of Revenge

摘要: 我国传统的复仇行为很久以前就已经存在了，在我国漫长的历史发展过程中一直存在着，时至今日也仍然存在着。复仇行为的产生存在着历史条件及思想基础，复仇在西周时期发展为比较完备的制度，不同朝代对于复仇行为也采取了不同的态度。我国古代复仇思想可以说是礼法结合的一个缩影，在礼法结合的过程中，中国古代复仇思想由于受到儒家思想的影响较大，儒家从“礼”出发，主张应当复仇，因此很难从根本上反对复仇行为。本文主要从下面四个章节进行论述：第一章主要介绍复仇及复仇制度的概念，这一章主要是对复仇相关概念和起源的界定。第二章主要介绍不同朝代对于复仇的态度，主要有限制复仇、禁止复仇、允许复仇三种态度。第三章分析了复仇发生的原因，主要包括因亲复仇、因义复仇、因情复仇三个方面的原因。第四章分析了复仇对于现代法治的启示，对复仇制度进行研究，既可加深对中国古代法制发展的认识，并挖掘出其在当代存在的积极意义，也可从中寻找适应当下的复仇案件的处理机制，有利于构建安定祥和的社会。

Abstract: Our traditional act of revenge has existed a long time ago and has been existed in the long process of historical de-velopment of our country and still exists today. There are historical conditions and ideological basis for the emergence of revenge behavior. Revenge developed into a relatively complete system in the Western Zhou Dynasty, and different dynasties also adopted different attitudes towards revenge behavior. It can be said that the ancient Chinese thought of revenge is an epitome of the combina-tion of rites and laws. In the process of the combination of rites and laws, the ancient Chinese thought of revenge was greatly influenced by Confucianism, which advocated revenge from “rites”, so it was difficult to oppose revenge fundamentally. This paper mainly discusses from the following four chapters: The first chapter mainly introduces the concept of revenge and revenge system, and this chapter mainly defines related concepts and origins of revenge. The second chapter mainly in-troduces the attitudes of different dynasties towards revenge, which mainly includes three atti-tudes: restricted revenge, forbidden revenge and allowed revenge. The third chapter analyzes the causes of revenge, including revenge for kinship, revenge for justice and revenge for love. The fourth chapter analyzes the enlightenment of revenge to the modern rule of law. The study of re-venge system can not only deepen the understanding of the development of ancient Chinese legal system, but also dig out its positive significance in the contemporary existence. It can also find a mechanism to deal with revenge cases that is suitable for the current situation, which is conducive to the construction of a stable and peaceful society.