芦岭塌陷湖沉积物及沿岸土壤重金属污染特征研究

Pollution Characteristics of Heavy Metals in Sediments and Coastal Soils of Luling Subsided Lake

摘要: 为了解塌陷湖沉积物及沿岸土壤的污染特征，以芦岭塌陷湖为研究对象，测定了Cu、Zn、Ni、Cr、Pb和Hg六种元素的含量，结合安徽表层土壤重金属背景值进行比较，通过地累积指数法和单因子指数法进行污染等级评价、分析主要污染元素的空间分布特征。结果显示：沿岸土壤六种金属含量的平均值从大到小分别为Pb、Zn、Ni、Cr、Cu、Hg；沉积物中Cu、Cr的平均值含量低于安徽省表层土壤背景值，Ni较接近于背景值，Zn、Pb和Hg的均值含量均高于背景值。研究区域内，Zn、Pb、Ni沿岸土壤中集中分布在西北角区域、南部和东部区域，在沉积物中主要集中在西部区域。结合地累积污染指数和单因子污染指数，发现Zn、Pb、Ni的指数相对较高，应加以重视。

Abstract: In order to understand the pollution characteristics of the sediments and the soil along the sub-sided lake, the Luling subsided lake was taken as the research object, the contents of Cu, Zn, Ni, Cr, Pb and Hg were determined and compared with the background values of heavy metals in the surface soil of Anhui province, the pollution grade was evaluated and the spatial distribution characteristics of the main pollution elements were analyzed by the Earth Accumulation Index Method and the single factor index method. The results: the average contents of six metals in coastal soils were Pb, Zn, Ni, Cr, Cu and Hg; the average contents of Cu and Cr in the sediments were lower than the background values of the surface soil in Anhui province, Ni was close to the background values, and the average contents of Zn, Pb and Hg were higher than the background values. In the study area, Zn, Pb and Ni coastal soils were mainly distributed in the northwest corner, the south and the east, and the sediments were mainly distributed in the west. Combined with the cumulative pollution index and single factor Pollution Index, it was found that the indexes of Zn, Pb and Ni were relatively high, which should be paid attention to.