马克思·韦伯的天职观与新时代公民职业道德建设

Max Weber’s View of Vocational Duty and the Construction of Citizen’s Professional Ethics in the New Era

摘要: 马克思·韦伯在《新教伦理与资本主义精神》中指出，经由个体劳动而从事的个人职业具有高尚性与光荣性，这也是韦伯天职观的核心思想。韦伯有着劳动属性的观念、劳动分工的职业观、恪尽天职的财富观、克己禁欲的行为观等系统的天职观思想。韦伯的天职观思想有效革新了西方资本主义社会的职业伦理内涵，而与此同时显然也对新时代我国公民的职业道德建设有着重要的借鉴意义与价值。概而言之，韦伯的天职观思想能够有效强化公民的敬业精神、提升公民的责任意识、培养公民的勤业精神、增强公民的奉献意识。

Abstract: In The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism, Max Weber pointed out that individual occupation through individual labor has nobility and glory, which is also the core idea of Weber’s view of vocational duty. Weber has a systematic view of vocational duty, such as the concept of labor attribute, the occupational view of labor division, the wealth view of fulfilling one's duty, and the behavior view of restraining oneself and abstinence. Weber’s view of vocational duty has effectively reformed the connotation of occupational ethics in the Western capitalist society, and at the same time, it has an important reference significance and value for the construction of Chinese citizens’ occupational ethics in the new era. In a word, Weber’s view of vocational duty can effectively strengthen citizens’ professionalism, enhance their sense of responsibility, cultivate their spirit of hard work and enhance their sense of dedication.