医养结合型养老机构服务能力评价研究——基于AHP模糊综合评价法

Research on the Service Ability Evaluation of the Elderly Care Institutions with the Combination of Medical Care and Nursing Care—Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method Based on AHP

摘要: 目的：越来越多的养老机构由传统型向医养结合型养老机构转型，构建医养结合型养老机构服务能力的评价指标体系并检验，一方面可以作为政府监管评价医养结合型养老机构服务能力的参考工具，二可以规范、激励医养结合型养老机构不断提高现有的服务能力。方法：基于医养结合型养老机构研究现状，通过文献研究法和专家咨询法重新构建服务能力评价指标体系，使用层次分析法计算权重，并运用模糊综合评价法对上海市15家医养结合型养老机构服务能力进行实证分析。结果：构建了包括机构环境、资源配备、运营管理和服务质量4个一级指标以及32个二级指标，上海市医养结合型养老机构服务能力整体情况较好，综合评价得分3.42分，其中服务质量模块得分最高(3.56)，机构环境模块得分最低(3.13)。讨论：需要深入推进适老化改造工作，打造舒适安全的养老环境；重视医养结合协调发展，加强护理人才队伍建设；强化医养结合机构监管，以进一步提升医养结合型养老机构的服务能力和综合竞争力。

Abstract: Objective: More and more elderly care institutions are transforming from traditional to integrated elderly care institutions. To build and test the evaluation index system of the service capacity of in-tegrated elderly care institutions, on the one hand, it can be used as a reference tool for the gov-ernment to supervise and evaluate the service capacity of integrated elderly care institutions. On the other hand, it can standardize and encourage the integrated elderly care institutions to contin-uously improve the existing service capacity. Methods: Based on the current research situation of the medical and nursing combined elderly care institutions, the service capacity evaluation index system was reconstructed through literature research and expert consultation, the weight was cal-culated by analytic hierarchy process, and the service capacity of 15 medical and nursing combined elderly care institutions in Shanghai was empirically analyzed by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. Results: Four first-class indicators including institutional environment, resource allocation, operation management and service quality and 32 second-class indicators were constructed. The overall service capacity of Shanghai’s medical and elderly care institutions was good, with a com-prehensive evaluation score of 3.42 points, of which the service quality module scored the highest (3.56) and the institutional environment module scored the lowest (3.13). Discussion: It is neces-sary to further promote the transformation of aging adaptation and create a comfortable and safe elderly care environment; Pay attention to the coordinated development of the combination of medical care and nursing care, and promote the construction of nursing talent team; Strengthen the supervision of institutions integrating medical care and elderly care, so as to further improve the service capacity and comprehensive competitiveness of institutions integrating medical care and elderly care.