俄汉老年人称名词词群及其评价研究

A Study of Russian-Chinese Nominal Noun Groups for the Elderly and Their Evaluation

摘要: 认知语言学的基础是体验哲学，基于认知语言学的老年人称名词词群及其评价研究产生于人类的互动经验。人类在认识世界、感知世界的基础上，始终以批评者的身份贯穿着人类认知评价过程。老人是人类群体的重要成员，老年人称名词及其评价词在俄汉语中广泛存在。本文利用俄罗斯国家语料库和CCL语料库对老年人称名词及其评价形容词的语料进行收集，以认知语言学为理论依据，归纳俄汉语对老年人群评价的相同之处，并结合语料进行跨语言、跨文化比较与分析，得出俄汉老人评价包括远近关系、健康状况、情感特征、内在品质、人生阅历在内的五大相同维度，以及从词汇搭配、语境范围、使用频率等方面语言文化的差异，借此探索俄汉语言中老年人称名词的认知评价机理。

Abstract: The philosophical basis for cognitive linguistics is embodied philosophy. The study of nominal noun groups for the elderly and their evaluations based on cognitive linguistics stems from human interaction experiences. In the process of human cognitive evaluation, people always assume the role of critics based on their understanding and perception of the world. The elderly are an important group of human society, and in Russian-Chinese languages, nominal noun phrases and evaluative adjectives that refer to the elderly are widely used. Based on the theoretical basis of cognitive linguistics, this study collects data on nominal noun phrases and evaluative adjectives used to refer to the elderly from the Russian National Corpus and the CCL Corpus. By identifying similarities in the evaluation of the elderly between Russian-Chinese languages and conducting cross-language and cross-cultural comparisons and analyses of the data, the study reveals that the evaluation of the elderly in the Russian-Chinese languages includes five similar dimensions: distance, health status, emotional characteristics, internal qualities, and life experience. Furthermore, the study also examines the differences in linguistic and cultural aspects, such as vocabulary collocation, contextual range, and frequency of use, thereby elucidating the cognitive evaluation mechanism used in nominal noun phrases used to refer to the elderly in Russian-Chinese languages.