α-Fe₂O₃/Fe₃O₄@Ti₃C₂T_X复合材料制备及吸波性能研究

Preparation and Microwave Absorbing Properties of α-Fe₂O₃/Fe₃O₄@Ti₃C₂T_X Composites

摘要: 不断增加的电磁波干扰辐射和污染正严重威胁着人类健康。鉴于这种情况，已经合成的各种吸波材料，虽然获得了良好的电磁波吸收性能，但集中研究在高频区，可调节性能差并且存在匹配厚度高、有效带宽窄缺等缺点，阻碍了实际应用，合理的微观结构设计和成分选择是实现高性能吸波材料的有效途径。本文采用LiF和HCl刻蚀母相Ti₃AlC₂制备了Ti₃C₂T_X，采用溶剂法通过控制醇水比得到不同α-Fe₂O₃/Fe₃O₄比例的α-Fe₂O₃/Fe₃O₄@Ti₃C₂T_X复合材料。C-3样品表现出最佳的微波吸收性能，在2 mm的薄厚度情况下，拥有−33.86 dB的最小反射损耗，并且对应了4.2 GHz的有效吸收带宽，相对于α-Fe₂O₃@Ti₃C₂T_X复合材料，α-Fe₂O₃/Fe₃O₄@Ti₃C₂T_X复合材料在低频率获得了1.8 GHz带宽的有效吸收，最小反射损耗为−33.6 dB，对应厚度为5 mm。Fe₃O₄磁性粒子的引入不仅额外增加了异质界面，而且为复合材料提供了新的损耗方式，强化微波衰减能力，有效优化了Ti₃C₂T_X的吸波能力。

Abstract: The increasing electromagnetic interference radiation is threat to human health. In light of this, several synthetic microwave absorbent materials have been developed, although they have obtained good electromagnetic wave absorption properties, however, focusing on the high-frequency region with low adjustable performance and high matching thickness and narrow effective bandwidth, hinders the practical application, reasonable microstructure design and composition selection are effective ways to realize high-performance microwave absorbing materials. In this thesis, etching the Ti₃AlC₂ with LiF and HCl prepared the Ti₃C₂T_X materials, the solvent method was used to obtain α-Fe₂O₃/Fe₃O₄@Ti₃C₂T_X composites with different α-Fe₂O₃/Fe₃O₄ ratios by controlling the alcohol-water ratio, study shows: the C-3 sample with 1:4 controlled alcohol-water ratio demonstrated the best performance for microwave absorption. The effective absorption bandwidth is up to 4.2 GHz, and the minimum reflection loss is −33.86 dB with a thickness of 2 mm. Compared to α-Fe2O3@Ti3C2TX composites, α-Fe₂O₃/Fe₃O₄@Ti₃C₂T_X composites at a thickness of 5 mm, composites achieve efficient absorption of 1.8 GHz bandwidth at low frequency, with a minimum reflection loss of −33.6 dB. The addition of magnetic Fe₃O₄ particles not only creates the contact, but also provides a new loss mode for the composite material, increasing the microwave attenuation force effectively optimizes the absorption capacity of Ti₃C₂T_X.