动车组车端阻尼器对动力学性能影响的研究

Research on the Influence of Vehicle End Dampers on Dynamic Performance of Multiple Unit Trains

摘要: 本文主要对160 km/h动力集中动车组车端阻尼器的安装必要性进行论证，从车辆系统动力学角度出发，通过仿真手段和试验手段对其进行论证，研究动力车与相邻拖车之间、拖车与拖车之间是否需要安装。分析结果表明车端阻尼器对动力学性能影响不大。从仿真结果来看，动力车与相邻拖车间安装车端阻尼器时，动力车平稳性指标略微增加，最大约0.08，相邻拖车平稳性指标略微降低，最大约0.07。整体差异不明显；动力车在后且安装车端阻尼器时，动力车轮轴横向力略微增加，最大约3 kN，轮轨垂向力略微增加，最大约2 kN，其余各指标影响很小；动力车在前时，有无车端阻尼器仿真结果差异不大。拖车之间安装车端阻尼器对车辆的运行平稳性和安全性应该均很小，可以忽略。从试验结果来看，动力学差异不明显，建议取消160公里动集鼓形车体车端阻尼器的设计及安装。

Abstract: This article mainly discusses the necessity of installing dampers at the end of the 160 km/h dy-namic multiple unit. From the perspective of vehicle system dynamics, it is demonstrated through simulation and experimental methods to study whether installation is necessary between the power vehicle and adjacent trailers, as well as between trailers and trailers. The analysis results indicate that the vehicle end damper has little impact on the dynamic performance. From the simulation results, it can be seen that when installing end dampers between the power vehicle and adjacent trailers, the sperling index of the power vehicle slightly increases, with a maximum of about 0.08, while the sperling index of adjacent trailers slightly decreases, with a maximum of about 0.07. The overall difference is not significant; When the power car is in the rear and equipped with end dampers, the lateral force of the power wheel axle slightly increases, up to about 3 kN, and the vertical force of the wheel rail slightly increases, up to about 2 kN. The impact of other indicators is very small; When the power car is in front, there is no significant difference in simulation results with or without end dampers. The installation of end dampers between trailers should have minimal impact on the sperling and safety of vehicle operation and can be ignored. From the experimental results, there is no significant difference in dynamics, so it is recommended to cancel the design and installation of the vehicle end damper of 160 km/h dynamic multiple unit.