我国罪错未成年人保护处分制度检视

Review of the Protective Sanction for Juvenile Offenders in China

摘要: 《刑法修正案(十一)》和《预防未成年人犯罪法》对保护处分制度进行了统一表述，并提出专门矫治教育措施，确立对未成年人罪错行为进行分级处遇的理念，这是我国在未成年人司法方面的重大进步。降低刑事责任年龄的做法并未抓住未成年人犯罪的本质，也不符合我国对未成年人的宽宥理念。保护处分制度不是刑罚的代替措施，也不与保安处分制度等同，保护处分是对罪错未成年人进行提前预防、教育矫治的有效措施。然而，我国罪错未成年人保护处分制度在体系构建、程序适用等方面还存在不足，应当构建完整的保护处分制度体系，最大程度地保障罪错未成年人合法权益。

Abstract: The Criminal Law Amendment (XI) and the Law on the Prevention of juvenile delinquency uniformly express the protective sanction system, propose special corrective education measures, and establish the concept of graded treatment of juvenile delinquency, which is a major progress in juvenile justice in China. The practice of lowering the age of criminal responsibility does not grasp the essence of juvenile delinquency, nor does it conform to the concept of forgiveness of minors in China. The protective sanction system is not a substitute measure for punishment, nor is it equivalent to the security punishment system. Protective sanction is an effective measure for early prevention, education and correction of delinquent minors. However, there are still shortcomings in the system construction and procedural application of the protective sanction system for juvenile delinquents in China. A complete protective sanction system should be established to maximize the protection of the legitimate rights and interests of juvenile delinquents.