对滤器植入相关性下腔静脉血栓形成的疗效分析

Analysis of Curative Effect on Lower Vena Cava Thrombosis Associated with Filter Implantation

摘要: 滤器植入相关性下腔静脉血栓形成包括：滤器拦截的脱落血栓；或抗凝不足时，导致滤器拦截的血栓进一步发展扩大；以及由下肢深静脉血栓蔓延至滤器附近。下腔静脉(inferior vena cava throm-bosis, IVCT)血栓的发生率远低于下肢深静脉血栓(deep vein thrombosis, DVT)，但IVC血栓容易脱落，导致急性大面积肺栓塞，引起患者猝死。临床上一旦遇到IVC血栓，应在避免肺栓塞的情况下给予积极治疗，避免急性大面积肺栓塞或猝死的发生。既往的临床实践中表明，下腔静脉血栓形成的患者在治疗之前，为预防在治疗过程中出现血栓脱落，发展为致死性肺栓塞，需要置入下腔静脉滤器，然而滤器植入成为预防肺栓塞较理想的选择，从而肺栓塞导致的猝死大幅度降低。近年来，随着滤器植入，滤器植入相关性下腔静脉血栓形成的发病率进而进行性增高。为了进一步了解血栓治疗方式的不同，其对滤器植入相关性血栓形成的进展情况，本文围绕滤器植入相关性血栓形成在临床上常用的治疗方式，以及其对于术后并发症等的影响进行探究。

Abstract: Colander implant-associated thrombosis includes: thrombus shedding intercepted by the filter; In-sufficient anticoagulation results in further development and expansion of thrombus intercepted by filter; And from a deep venous thrombosis of the lower extremity to the colander. The incidence of thrombosis in inferior vena cava (IVC) is much lower than that of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), but IVC thrombosis is easy to fall off, which leads to acute massive pulmonary embolism and causes sudden death in patients. Once IVC thrombosis is encountered clinically, active treatment should be given under the condition of avoiding pulmonary embolism to avoid the occurrence of acute mas-sive pulmonary embolism or sudden death. Previous clinical practice has shown that in patients with inferior vena cava thrombosis, an inferior vena cava filter needs to be inserted before treat-ment in order to prevent thrombosis from falling off during treatment and developing into fatal pulmonary embolism. However, filter implantation is an ideal choice to prevent pulmonary embo-lism. In recent years, the formation of thrombus associated with filter implantation has been fur-ther developed with filter implantation. In order to further understand the progress of different treatment methods on colander implant-associated thrombosis, this paper focuses on the common-ly used clinical treatment of colander implant-associated thrombosis and its influence on postoper-ative complications.