基于声振耦合的球阀振动噪声数值分析

Numerical Analysis of Vibration and Noise of Ball Valve Based on Acoustic Vibration Coupling

摘要: 针对蒸汽球阀在工程实践中的噪声问题，本文采用声固耦合的数值模拟方法，研究了球阀的结构模态特性以及阀体管道的辐射振动噪声响应问题。研究结果表明：阀后管道内产生的流场最为紊乱，同时该处高速射流对阀体管道的冲击作用最剧烈，从而诱发出更高的振动噪声。阀体管路的前两阶振型为前后管段沿着管道的纵向发生的扭动，第3、4阶振型则为前后管段沿着管道的横向发生的扭动及阀体法兰部件的略微振动。阀体管道的振动加速度在轴向上，主要是出口法兰上的声压级值更大，在纵向上，则是进口法兰的声压级值更大。此外，球阀的开度对于阀门声压频谱特性的影响较小，主要体现在峰值上的变化，其最大声压级值为80%开度时3000 Hz下的76.5 dB。

Abstract: Aiming at the noise problem of steam ball valves in engineering practice, this paper adopts the acoustic solid coupling numerical simulation method to study the structural modal characteristics of ball valves and the radiation vibration noise response of valve bodies and pipes. The research results show that the flow field generated in the pipeline behind the valve is the most turbulent, and the impact of high-speed jets on the valve body pipeline is the most severe, resulting in higher vibration and noise. The first two vibration modes of the valve body pipeline are the twisting of the front and rear pipe sections along the longitudinal direction of the pipeline, while the third and fourth vibration modes are the twisting of the front and rear pipe sections along the transverse direction of the pipeline and the slight vibration of the valve body flange components. The vibration acceleration of the valve body pipeline in the axial direction is mainly due to the higher sound pressure level value on the outlet flange, while in the longitudinal direction, it is due to the higher sound pressure level value on the inlet flange. In addition, the opening degree of the ball valve has a small impact on the valve sound pressure spectrum characteristics, mainly reflected in the change in peak value, with the maximum sound pressure level being 76.5 dB at 3000 Hz at 80% opening degree.