亮空背景下的飞行器自动补光系统设计

Design of Automatic Fill Light System for Aircraft under Bright Sky Background

摘要: 随着军事现代化的进程加快，军用小型无人机在战场上发挥着重要作用。然而，由于小型无人机通常在低空飞行且速度不高，在大多数雷达探测范围内也难以被发现。相反，在敌方视野或光学探测设备下却暴露无遗。因此，为小型无人机设计一种伪装设备十分必要，本文就提出了一种基于STM32单片机的自动补光系统。该系统能够根据外界光强自动调节LED灯板的亮度，并使之与亮空背景相匹配，从而达到伪装效果。本设计采用BH1750FVI型光敏传感器实时采集外界光信号，并将其转化为电信号传输至单片机；单片机通过控制LED驱动模块BUCK3603来调节LED灯板的亮度；并将采集到的光照强度数据传输至PC端进行显示和分析。经过实验验证，本系统能够稳定地调节LED灯板的亮度，并与天空背景亮度相融合，在一定程度上提高了小型无人机在亮空背景下的伪装能力。

Abstract: As military modernization accelerates, small military UAVs are playing an important role on the battlefield. However, because small drones typically fly at low altitudes and low speeds, they are also difficult to detect at most radar detection ranges. In contrast, they are exposed to the enemy’s field of view or optical detection equipment. Therefore, it is very necessary to design a camouflage device for small unmanned aerial vehicles. This paper proposes an automatic fill light system based on STM32 microcontroller. The system can automatically adjust the brightness of the LED light boards according to the external light intensity and make them match the bright sky background to achieve camouflage effect. This design adopts BH1750FVI type photosensitive sensor to collect the external light signal in real time and convert it into electrical signal for transmission to the microcontroller; the microcontroller controls the LED driver module BUCK3603 to adjust the brightness of the LED light board; and the collected light intensity data is transmitted to the PC for display and analysis. After experimental verification, this system was able to adjust the brightness of the LED light board stably and blend with the sky background brightness, which improves the camouflage ability of small UAV in the bright sky background to a certain extent.