惠州大亚湾海绵动物水质净化能力初探

Preliminary Study on Seawater Purification Ability of Sponge Animals in Daya Bay, Huizhou

摘要: 海绵动物具有强大的滤食能力，在净化污染水体方面有着巨大的开发潜力，但国内对海绵动物对水质净化方面的研究较少。本文以山海绵属的海绵动物为研究对象进行了初步的海水水质净化研究，运用单因子指数法研究海绵动物对海水中活性磷酸盐(P)、无机氮(N)的影响，并首次对惠州市大亚湾的海绵动物资源情况进行调查。研究表明：海绵动物能减少海水中无机氮的含量，同时会导致活性磷酸盐含量升高，能有效改善水体营养盐环境，减少赤潮发生；调查采集到5个属的海绵动物，其中山海绵属及美丽海绵属均在渔排、海岛同时出现。今后将进一步加强调查和研究，为惠州大亚湾海域海绵动物的开发以及应用提供科学依据。

Abstract: Sponge animals have strong filtering ability and have great development potential in purifying polluted water, but there is little research on the pu-rification of water quality by sponge animals in China. In this paper, a preliminary study on the pu-rification of sea water quality was carried out with the sponges of the genus Mycale as the research object. The influence of sponges on the active phosphate (P) and inorganic nitrogen (N) in sea water was studied by using the single factor index method. The sponges resources in Daya Bay of Huizhou City were investigated for the first time. The research shows that sponge animals can reduce the content of inorganic nitrogen in seawater and increase the content of active phosphate, which can effectively improve the nutrient environment of water and reduce the occurrence of red tide; five genera of sponges were collected in the survey, of which the genus Mycale and the genus Callyspon-gia both appeared at the same time in fishing rafts and islands. In the future, the investigation and research will be further strengthened to provide scientific basis for the development and applica-tion of sponges in the Daya Bay area of Huizhou.