儿童股骨干骨折治疗的临床进展

Clinical Progress in the Treatment of Femoral Shaft Fracture in Children

摘要: 本文旨在综述小儿股骨干骨折的治疗方法。针对不同年龄段的儿童，由于骨骼生长和重塑速度不同，因此需要根据骨折的性质和位置来选择治疗方式，对于年龄较小的儿童(小于6个月)，我们通常采用非手术治疗，如Pavlik吊带；对于年龄在6个月到6岁之间的儿童，我们则采用早期髋人字石膏外固定。而对于年龄较大的儿童(大于6岁)，我们则通常采用手术治疗，如弹性髓内钉、钢板和外固定架固定。在制定治疗措施时，还需要考虑体重和受伤的位置等因素。对于青春期和骨骼成熟的青少年，可采用交锁髓内钉内固定和外固定架固定治疗。对于开放性骨折或多发性创伤，外固定架也可作为骨折稳定的临时治疗方法。总之，针对不同年龄段和骨折类型，需综合考虑多种因素，选择合适的治疗方式。

Abstract: This article aims to review the treatment of femoral shaft fracture in children. For children of dif-ferent ages, due to different rates of bone growth and remodeling, the treatment should be selected according to the nature and location of the fracture. For younger children (less than 6 months), we usually use non-surgical treatment, such as Pavlik sling; In children between 6 months and 6 years of age, we use an early hip herringbone cast. For older children (over 6 years old), we usually use surgical treatment, such as elastic intramedullary nails, plates and external fixators. Factors such as body weight and the location of the injury need to be considered when developing treatment. In-terlocking intramedullary nailing internal fixation and external fixation can be used for adolescent and skeletal maturity. For open fractures or multiple traumas, external fixators can also be used as temporary treatment for fracture stabilization. In conclusion, for different age groups and fracture types, multiple factors should be considered comprehensively to select appropriate treatment.