抑郁症状阳性大学生线上3D初始沙盘特征

Characteristics of Online 3D Initial Sand-Tray among College Students with Depressive Symptoms

摘要: 目的：探讨抑郁症状阳性大学生线上3D初始沙盘的特征，为互联网时代快速、准确评估学生心理健康情况提供参考。方法：以基于荣格分析理论开发的线上3D沙盘为研究工具，根据某高校艺术学院2022级新生心理筛查结果，采用随机整群抽样方法，邀请32名抑郁症状阳性和33名正常被试摆放初始沙盘。使用t和χ2检验分析两组被试在沙具数量、种类和描述特征的差异，使用logistic回归分析沙盘主题和抑郁情况的关联，同时汇报统计检验量SE和贝叶斯值BF。结果：线上3D沙盘具有识别抑郁症状的功能。抑郁症状阳性大学生在沙具总数、交通工具、人物、动物、植物使用较少(p均<0.05)，较多出现混乱、限制、忽视、受伤、妨碍5个创伤主题(χ2分别为4.201，12.188，15.175，6.817，9.408，p均<0.05)，较少出现能量、培育、变化、整合4个治愈主题(χ²分别为25.462，8.846，4.986，18.909，p均<0.05)。沙盘主题特征的Logistic回归分析显示，能量和变化主题特征是大学生抑郁症状的保护因素(B = −4.053，−2.464，OR = 0.017，0.085，p均<0.05)。结论：抑郁症状阳性大学生在3D沙具使用、沙盘主题均有特征性表现，线上3D沙盘具有一定心理筛查与测评的功能和参考价值。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the characteristics of online 3D initial Sand-Tray among college students with depressive symptoms, and provide a reference for the rapid and accurate assessment of students’ mental health in the Internet era. Methods: This study used an online 3D Sand-Tray based on Jung analytical theory as a research tool, based on a psychological screening results of the 2022 freshmen at an art college, then used a random cluster sampling method to invite 32 participants with symptoms of depression and 33 normal participants to arrange their initial Sand-Tray. The study used t-tests and chi-square tests to analyze differences between the two groups of participants in the number, types, and descriptive features of sand-tray objects. Logis-tic regression analysis was conducted to explore the relationship between sand-tray themes and depression. Additionally, statistical effect sizes (SE) and Bayesian factor (BF) were reported. Re-sults: The results showed that the online 3D sand-tray had the ability to identify symptoms of depression. Compared to the normal group, the depression group used fewer sand-tray items related to transportation, characters, animals, and plants (p < 0.05), and showed more trauma themes such as chaos, restriction, neglect, injury, and obstruction (χ2 values 4.201, 12.188, 15.175, 6.817, 9.408, all p < 0.05), but fewer healing themes such as energy, cultivation, change, and integration (χ² values 25.462, 8.846, 4.986, 18.909, all p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis of the sand-tray themes revealed that energy and change themes were protective factors against depression in college students (B = −4.053, −2.464, OR = 0.017, 0.085, all p < 0.05). Conclusion: College students exhibit characteristic features in both their use of 3D sand-tray items and sand- tray themes. The online 3D sand-tray has the function and reference value of clinical psycholog-ical screening and evaluation.