妊娠早期空腹血糖和血红蛋白联合检测对妊娠期糖尿病预测的研究进展

Progress in the Prediction of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus by the Combined Detection of Fasting Blood Glucose and Hemoglobin in Early Pregnancy

摘要: 妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)是指妊娠前糖代谢正常，妊娠期首次发生或发现的糖代谢异常，对母亲、胎儿都有严重不良影响，近年来，妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)的发病率上升，已成为全球公共卫生系统的一个巨大挑战。作为最常见的妊娠期并发症一直是目前临床的研究热点。目前国内外广泛应用的筛查方法主要是在孕24~28周进行口服葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT)，此时留给临床治疗的时间窗口已经很有限，且筛查过程繁琐，耗时耗力，孕妇依从性较差。目前关于GDM的早期预测指标已取得广泛的研究，本文就妊娠早期预测GDM的相关指标进行阐述。

Abstract: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a condition in which glucose metabolism is normal before pregnancy and abnormal glucose metabolism first occurs or is detected during pregnancy, with se-rious adverse effects on both mother and fetus. In recent years, the rising incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has become a great challenge for public health systems worldwide. As the most common complication of pregnancy, it has been the current clinical research hotspot. At pre-sent, the widely used screening method at home and abroad is mainly the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at 24~28 weeks of gestation, which leaves a limited window for clinical treatment, and the screening process is cumbersome, time-consuming and labour-intensive, with poor compliance by pregnant women. Extensive research has been conducted on the early predictors of GDM, and this article describes the relevant indicators for predicting GDM in early pregnancy.