安徽省池州市儿童青少年心肺耐力和执行功能特征及影响因素研究

Cardiopulmonary Endurance and Executive Function Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Children and Adolescents in Chizhou City, Anhui Province

摘要: 目的：本研究旨在探究安徽省池州市儿童青少年心肺耐力和执行功能的特征及影响因素，采用20 m折返跑测试方法对200名学生进行了测量。方法：在安徽省池州市各学校采用随机个案法抽取200名10~18岁儿童青少年作为研究对象，运用20 m SRT进行肺耐力水平测试，并采用单因素方差分析、线性回归等方法研究心肺耐力和执行功能的相关性。结果：该地区儿童青少年的心肺耐力和执行功能水平普遍较低，男性表现优于女性，年龄与心肺耐力、执行功能呈负相关。此外，父母教育程度、身体活动水平和饮食习惯也对心肺耐力和执行功能产生一定影响。父母教育程度和身体活动水平与心肺耐力和执行功能呈正相关，而饮食习惯与其呈负相关。不同性别和年龄组的影响因素也存在差异：在女性中，父母教育程度对心肺耐力和执行功能的影响更为显著，而在男性中则主要受到身体活动水平的影响；年龄较小的儿童青少年更易受到父母教育程度和身体活动水平的影响。建议：加强儿童青少年体育锻炼和健康教育，提高家长对孩子身体健康的关注和认识。有助于促进儿童青少年身体健康发展，提高教育部门和家长对儿童青少年身体健康的关注和投入。同时，也有助于更好地指导教育部门和家庭如何进行有针对性的干预和促进儿童青少年身体健康的发展。

Abstract: Objective: This study aims to explore the characteristics and influencing factors of cardiorespiratory endurance and executive function of children and adolescents in Chizhou City, Anhui Province. 200 students were measured by the 20 m switchback test method. Methods: Random case method was used to select 200 children and adolescents aged 10 to 18 from various schools in Chizhou City, Anhui Province as the research objects. The lung endurance level was tested by 20 m SRT, and the correlation between cardiorespiratory endurance and executive function was explored by one-way analysis of variance, linear regression and other methods. Results: The levels of cardiorespiratory endurance and executive function of children and adolescents in this area were generally low, males performed better than females, and age was negatively correlated with cardiorespiratory endurance and executive function. In addition, parental education, physical activity level, and dietary habits also had an impact on cardiorespiratory endurance and executive function. Parental education and physical activity levels were positively associated with cardiorespiratory endurance and executive function, while dietary habits were negatively associated. Influencing factors also differed by sex and age group: in women, parental education had a more pronounced effect on cardiorespiratory endurance and executive function, while in men it was mainly affected by physical activity level; younger children and adolescents were more susceptible to parental education and physical activity levels. It is suggested that physical exercise and health education for children and adolescents should be strengthened, and parents’ attention and awareness of children’s physical health should be raised. It is helpful to promote the healthy development of children and adolescents, and increase the attention and investment of education departments and parents in the physical health of children and adolescents. At the same time, it also helps to better guide education departments and families on how to carry out targeted interventions and promote the healthy development of children and adolescents.