基于决策树和质量功能展开的需求转化方法
Demand Transformation Method Based on Decision Tree and QFD
摘要: 为了完善产品设计在需求获取和需求转化阶段的准确性和完整性，从苗绣企业的角度出发，提出一种将决策树和质量功能展开(QFD)相结合的需求转化方式。通过自然观察法、用户访谈法和问卷调查法等方法，调查总结出当下苗绣企业最急需的需求，利用亲和图法(KJ)对客户需求进行归纳整理，确定客户需求的重要度，再使用决策树对客户需求信息进行分类预测，最后采用头脑风暴法对客户需求进行最终的技术特性转化，并以质量屋为工具，构建客户需求与技术特性间的各关系矩阵，通过分析判断各矩阵内的权重及关系程度，判定得出技术特性间正负相关关系，并通过实例验证了该方法的可行性。
Abstract: In order to improve the accuracy and integrity of product design in requirement acquisition and requirement transformation stage, from the perspective of a Miao embroidery business, a requirement transformation method that incorporates decision tree and quality function deployment (QFD) was proposed. First market survey including observation, interview and questionnaire survey is conducted to identify the most urgent needs of Miao embroidery business; the method of affinity diagram (KJ) is adopted to gather information about client requirements; decision tree classification projections are performed to rank the importance of customer demand, and brainstorming is carried out to analyze the final technical characteristic transformation. The relationship matrix between customer demand and technical characteristics, and self-correlation matrix of technical characteristics are constructed by QFD’s House of Quality (HOQ). By analyzing and judging the weight and relationship in each matrix, the positive and negative correlations between technical characteristics are determined, and the feasibility of the method is verified by an example.
文章引用：彭江, 彭莉, 胡宁峰, 邓连高. 基于决策树和质量功能展开的需求转化方法[J]. 设计进展, 2023, 8(2): 744-761. https://doi.org/10.12677/Design.2023.82094

参考文献

[1] Zhang, H., Rao, H. and Feng, J. (2018) Product Innovation Based on Online Review Data Mining: A Case Study of Huawei Phones. Electronic Commerce Research, 18, 3-22. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[2] 胡尧, 肖人彬, 张文旭. 产品评论数据驱动的质量功能展开客户需求挖掘[J]. 计算机集成制造系统, 2022, 28(1): 184-196.
[3] 吴若仟, 江屏, 卢佩宜, 张焱焱. 产品设计中基于质量功能配置的需求转化过程[J]. 计算机集成制造系统, 2021, 27(5): 1410-1421.
[4] Wang, F., Li, H., Liu, A. and Zhang, X. (2015) Hybrid Customer Re-quirements Rating Method for Customer-Oriented Product Design Using QFD. Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics, 26, 533-543. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[5] 张文旭, 肖人彬, 林文广. 基于产品性能词典的评论数据驱动客户需求模型研究[J]. 中国机械工程, 2020, 31(15): 1866-1876.
[6] 张雷, 钟言久, 袁远, 李璟, 秦旭, 董万富. 基于数据挖掘的绿色设计中客户需求向工程特性权重转化方法[J]. 中国机械工程, 2019, 30(2): 174-182.
[7] Cohen, A. (2016) Egypt in the Reign of Muhammad Ali, by Afif Lutfi Al-Sayyid Marsot. Review of Middle East Studies, 19, 217-218. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[8] Lo, S.M., Shen, H.-P. and Chen, J.C. (2017) An Integrated Approach to Project Management Using the Kano Model and QFD: An Em-pirical Case Study. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 28, 1584-1608. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[9] Dai, J. and Blackhurst, J. (2012) A Four-Phase AHP-QFD Approach for Supplier Assessment: A Sustainability Perspective. International Journal of Production Research, 50, 5474-5490. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[10] Zaim, S., Sevkli, M., Camgöz-Akdag, H., Demirel, O.F., Yesim Yayla, A. and Delen, D. (2014) Use of ANP Weighted Crisp and Fuzzy QFD for Product Development. Expert Systems with Applications, 41, 4464-4474. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[11] Sharma, A.K., Sharma, S.A. and Agrawal, N. (2013) Evalua-tion of Software Process Model for the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) Software. Software Engineering and Technology, 5, 261-266.
[12] Ireland, R. and Liu, A. (2018) Application of Data Analytics for Product Design: Sentiment Analysis of Online Product Reviews. CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology, 23, 128-144. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[13] 钟言久, 张开源, 郭亚杰, 刘阳. 面向智能电视设计的用户需求向功能特性转化[J]. 日用电器, 2019(5): 18-23.
[14] 朱文霜, 王步乾, 钟斯黎, 李本建. 基于Kano-QFD的西南传统村落非遗类APP交互设计研究[J]. 包装工程, 2023, 44(S1): 320-325+339.
[15] Quinlan, J.R. (1986) Induction of Decision Trees. Machine Learning, 1, 81-106. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[16] 樊佳爽. QFD和TRIZ集成在儿童滑板车概念设计中的应用研究[D]: [硕士学位论文]. 西安: 陕西科技大学, 2015.