论运动技能迁移理论在田径教学活动中的有效运用

On the Effective Application of Sports Skills Transfer Theory in Track and Field Teaching Activities

摘要: 在田径教学和运动训练中，运动技能之间往往会产生迁移，有的是正迁移，有的是负迁移，这些和田径教学的效果和质量息息相关，但却常常被人们所忽略。因此本文重点探讨了如何在田径技术教学中应用运动技能迁移理论。在同一个田径项目体系中，有一个共同的技术原理来指导或在有许多共同技术结构因素支撑的同一田径项目系统之间可能会相互产生技术迁移现象；学生对原有的知识经验积累的深度和知识广度、以及概况水平等会大大影响其迁移。在田径教学中，教师要深入学习分析影响运动技能迁移的因素；合理安排田径理论课的学习；合理安排教学内容、技术教学的顺序等方面的内容。这样才能科学有效地应用运动技能的正向迁移，帮助每个学生能尽快全面掌握所学田径知识能力和实践技术，提高体育教学实践质量效果和教育效果。

Abstract: In the track and field teaching and sports training, sports skills will often occur between the mi-gration, some positive migration, some negative migration, which is closely related to the effect and quality of track and field teaching, but they are often ignored by people. Therefore, this paper focuses on how to apply the theory of sports skill transfer in track and field technology teaching. In the same track project system, there is a common technical principle to guide or between the same track project system supported by many common technical structure factors; the depth and breadth of the existing knowledge and experience will greatly affect the migration. In track and field teaching, teachers should deeply study and analyze the factors affecting the transfer of sports skills deeply; arrange the study of track and field theory course reasonably, and arrange the teach-ing content and the order of technical teaching reasonably. Only in this way can the positive transfer of sports skills be applied scientifically and effectively, and help each student can fully master the knowledge, ability and practical technology of track and field as soon as possible, and improve the practice quality effect and education effect of physical education teaching.