基于Landsat影像的苏州市湖泊分布变化研究

Study on the Distribution of Lakes in Suzhou City Based on Landsat Images

摘要: 湖泊变化对保护生态环境起着重要作用，其研究持续受到社会关注。本文基于苏州市2015年和2020年Landsat 8影像，先根据改进的归一化差异水体指数模型提取两期的水体分布信息，进而获取两期湖泊分布信息，并分析苏州市2015~2020年湖泊时空分布变化特点及其驱动力。结果表明：2015~2020年，苏州市湖泊面积整体上扩张3.7%，而太湖和金鸡湖两个主要湖泊面积增加7.7%、8.4%，在中小湖泊中，同里湖面积减少45.7%、盛泽湖面积增加14.4%，其他湖泊面积变化较小；湖泊分布破碎化程度增加，多样性和空间异质性增强；湖泊分布变化的原因主要是政策因素、降水量因素和土地利用转移因素。

Abstract: Lake change plays an important role in protecting the ecological environment and its research continues to attract social attention. Based on the Landsat 8 images of Suzhou City in 2015 and 2020, this paper first extracted the water distribution information of the two periods according to the modified normalized difference water index model, and then obtained the lake distribution information of the two periods. Then, the characteristics and driving forces of the temporal and spatial distribution of lakes in Suzhou City during 2015~2020 were analyzed. The results show that, from 2015 to 2020, the lake area in Suzhou City increased by 3.7%. While the area of Taihu Lake and Jinji Lake increased by 7.7% and 8.4%. Among the small and medium-sized lakes, the area of Tongli Lake decreased by 45.7% and Shengze Lake increased by 14.4%, while the area of other lakes changed little. The fragmentation degree of lake distribution increased, and the diversity and spatial heterogeneity of lake distribution increased. The main reasons for the change in lake distribution are policy factors, precipitation factors and land use transfer factors.