宿州市北蔬菜园区土壤重金属含量特征与污染评价

Characteristics of Soil Heavy Metal Content and Pollution Evaluation in the North Vegetable Park of Suzhou City

摘要: 为了解宿州市北蔬菜园区土壤重金属污染分析，本文对36个取样点进行采样。利用X射线荧光光谱分析仪对采集到的蔬菜园区土壤样品进行重金属(Cu、Zn、Co、Ni、Cr、Mn和Pb)的含量检测，并基于地累积指数法和内梅罗综合污染指数法评价重金属超标程度，并运用统计学分析重金属的空间特征。研究结果表明：Cu、Zn、Co、Ni、Cr、Mn和Pb的平均含量分别为4.09、184.47、2.90、16.04、33.54、701.18和225.49 mg/Kg；与安徽省土壤背景值相比，元素的超标率从小到大依次为Cr < Cu < Co < Ni < Mn < Zn < Pb；污染程度从高到低依次为Pb > Zn > Mn > Co > Ni > Cr > Cu，其中Pb和Zn污染极为严重；在空间分布上，同一区域内不同重金属元素受到的污染程度不同，产生的原因可能是局部的污水排放、工矿污染、生活垃圾污染。

Abstract: In order to understand the analysis of soil heavy metal pollution in the North Vegetable Park of Suzhou City, 36 sampling sites were sampled in this paper. The content of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Co, Ni, Cr, Mn and Pb) was detected on the soil samples collected in the vegetable park by an X-ray fluorescence spectrum analyzer, and the excessive degree of heavy metals was evaluated based on the ground accumulation index method and the comprehensive pollution index method, and the spatial characteristics of heavy metals were analyzed statistically. The results showed that the average contents of Cu, Zn, Co, Ni, Cr, Mn and Pb were 4.09, 184.47, 2.90, 16.04, 33.54, 701.18 and 225.49 mg/Kg, respectively. Compared with the soil background values in Anhui Province, the exceeding standard rate of elements from small to large is Cr < Cu < Co < Ni < Mn < Zn < Pb; degree of contamination from high to low was Pb > Zn > Mn > Co > Ni > Cr > Cu, the Pb and Zn pollution is extremely serious. On the spatial distribution, different heavy metal elements in the same area are polluted to different degrees, which may be caused by local sewage dis-charge, industrial and mining pollution, and household garbage pollution.