艾滋病疗效影响因素研究进展
Research Progress on Influencing Factors of AIDS Curative Effect
DOI: 10.12677/ACM.2023.1371557, PDF,   
作者: 刘金玲：延安大学医学院，陕西 延安
关键词: 艾滋病；治疗效果；影响因素；AIDS； Therapeutic Effect； Influencing Factor
摘要: 艾滋病，又叫获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS)，是由于机体感染人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)所致的一种慢性传染病。进入人体后主要攻击CD4+T细胞，从而导致人体免疫功能缺陷。如果不治疗可能会导致各种机会性感染和恶行肿瘤的发生，最终死亡。抗病毒治疗已经将艾滋病转变为一种慢性疾病，因此，艾滋病的治疗效果值得我们关注。尽管目前的联合抗逆转录病毒药物的使用可以有效抑制病毒，但是还有许多因素可以影响疗效，如患者依从性差、耐药等，最终导致抗病毒治疗失败。本文将对影响抗病毒治疗的因素进行概述，为艾滋病的治疗提供参考。
Abstract: AIDS, also known as acquired immune deficiency syndrome, is a chronic infectious disease caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). After entering the human body, it mainly attacks CD4+T cells, resulting in human immune function deficiency. If left untreated, it can lead to various op-portunistic infections and malignant tumors, and eventually death. Antiviral treatment has turned AIDS into a chronic disease, so the effect of AIDS treatment deserves our attention. Although the current use of combination antiretroviral drugs can effectively suppress the virus, there are many factors that can affect the efficacy, such as poor patient compliance, drug resistance, and ultimately lead to the failure of antiviral therapy. In this paper, the factors affecting antiviral therapy will be summarized to provide reference for the treatment of AIDS.
文章引用：刘金玲. 艾滋病疗效影响因素研究进展[J]. 临床医学进展, 2023, 13(7): 11153-11159. https://doi.org/10.12677/ACM.2023.1371557

参考文献

[1] Sharp, P.M. and Hahn, B.H. (2011) Origins of HIV and the AIDS Pandemic. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine, 1, a006841. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[2] Badley, A.D., Pilon, A.A., Landay, A. and Lynch, D.H. (2000) Mechanisms of HIV-Associated Lymphocyte Apoptosis. Blood, 96, 2951-2964. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[3] 中华医学会感染病学分会艾滋病丙型肝炎学组, 中国疾病预防控制中心. 中国艾滋病诊疗指南(2021年版) [J]. 协和医学杂志, 2022, 13(2): 203-226.
[4] 甘秀敏, 赵德才, 赵燕, 马烨, 吴亚松, 豆智慧. 2003-2021年我国艾滋病抗病毒治疗工作进展情况分析[J]. 中国艾滋病性病, 2022, 28(6): 642-646.
[5] Arts, E.J. and Hazuda, D.J. (2012) HIV-1 Antiretroviral Drug Therapy. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine, 2, a007161. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[6] Cao, W., Hsieh, E. and Li, T. (2020) Optimizing Treatment for Adults with HIV/AIDS in China: Successes over Two Decades and Remaining Challenges. Current HIV/AIDS Reports, 17, 26-34. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[7] Simon, V., Ho, D.D. and Abdool, K.Q. (2006) HIV/AIDS Epi-demiology, Pathogenesis, Prevention, and Treatment. The Lancet, 368, 489-504. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[8] Lundgren, J.D., et al. (2015) Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy in Early Asymptomatic HIV Infection. The New England Journal of Medicine, 373, 795-807. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[9] 李永勤, 杨学刚, 粱叶, 刘洋, 赵静, 路新利. 2005-2020年保定市艾滋病患者抗艾滋病病毒治疗免疫学效果影响因素分析[J]. 中国皮肤性病学杂志, 2023, 37(2): 196-201.
[10] McComsey, G.A., Lingohr-Smith, M., Rogers, R., Lin, J. and Donga, P. (2021) Real-World Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy among HIV-1 Patients across the United States. Advances in Therapy, 38, 4961-4974. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[11] Leyva-Moral, J.M., et al. (2019) Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy and the Associated Factors among People Living with HIV/AIDS in Northern Peru: A Cross-Sectional Study. AIDS Research and Therapy, 16, Article No. 22. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[12] Liu, P., et al. (2018) Adherence, Virological Outcome, and Drug Resistance in Chinese HIV Patients Receiving First- Line Antiretroviral Therapy from 2011 to 2015. Medicine, 97, e13555. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[13] Kang, R., et al. (2019) Treatment Outcomes of Initial Differential Antiretroviral Regimens among HIV Patients in Southwest China: Comparison from an Observational Cohort Study. BMJ Open, 9, e025666. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[14] Neupane, S., Dhungana, G.P. and Ghimire, H.C. (2019) Ad-herence to Antiretroviral Treatment and Associated Factors among People Living with HIV and AIDS in CHITWAN, Nepal. BMC Public Health, 19, Article No. 720. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[15] Ceylan, E., Koç, A., Inkaya, A.Ç. and Ünal, S. (2019) Determi-nation of Medication Adherence and Related Factors among People Living with HIV/AIDS in a Turkish University Hospital. Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences, 49,198-205. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[16] Molla, A.A., Gelagay, A.A., Mekonnen, H.S. and Teshome, D.F. (2018) Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy and Associated Factors among HIV Positive Adults Attending Care and Treatment in University of Gondar Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. BMC Infectious Diseases, 18, Article No. 266. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[17] Meshesha, H.M., Nigussie, Z.M., Asrat, A. and Mulatu, K. (2022) Determinants of Virological Failure among Adults on First-Line Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy at Public Health Facilities in Kombolcha Town, Northeast, Ethiopia: A Case-Control Study. BMJ Open, 10, e036223. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[18] Zenu, S., Tesema, T., Reshad, M. and Abebe, E. (2021) De-terminants of First-Line Antiretroviral Treatment Failure among Adult Patients on Treatment in Mettu Karl Specialized Hospital, South West Ethiopia; a Case Control Study. PLOS ONE, 16, e0258930. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[19] Abadiga, M., Hasen, T., Mosisa, G. and Abdisa, E. (2020) Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy and Associated Factors among Human Immunodeficiency Virus Positive Patients Accessing Treatment at Nekemte Referral Hospital, West Ethiopia, 2019. PLOS ONE, 15, e0232703. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[20] Blassel, L., et al. (2021) Drug Resistance Mutations in HIV: New Bioinformatics Approaches and Challenges. Current Opinion in Virology, 51, 56-64. ttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.coviro.2021.09.009
[21] Shchemelev, A.N., Ostankova, Y.V., Zueva, E.B., Semenov, A.V. and Totolian, A.A. (2022) Detection of Patient HIV-1 Drug Resistance Mutations in Russia’s Northwestern Federal District in Patients with Treatment Failure. Diagnostics, 12, Article 1821. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[22] Khairunisa, S.Q., et al. (2020) Identification of HIV-1 Subtypes and Drug Resistance Mutations among HIV-1-Infected Individuals Residing in Pontianak, Indonesia. Germs, 10, 174-183. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[23] 戴色莺, 刘爱文, 沈月兰, 程晓莉, 张进, 吴建军, 吴家兵, 邢辉, 阮玉华. 安徽省接受抗病毒治疗HIV/AIDS死亡的影响因素[J]. 中华疾病控制杂志, 2022, 26(12): 1379-1383, 1401.
[24] Hauser, A., et al. (2022) Acquired HIV Drug Resistance Mutations on First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy in Southern Africa: Systematic Review and Bayesian Evidence Synthesis. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 148, 135-145. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[25] Armenia, D., et al. (2022) Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide Ensures High Rates of Virological Suppression Maintenance Despite Previous Resistance in PLWH Who Optimize Treatment in Clinical Practice. Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance, 30, 326-334. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[26] Salvo, P.F., et al. (2023) Efficacy of Dolutegravir versus Darunavir in Antiretroviral First-Line Regimens according to Resistance Mutations and Viral Subtype. Viruses, 15, Article 762. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[27] Mahomed, K., et al. (2020) Case Report: Emergence of Dolutegravir Resistance in a Patient on Second-Line Antiretroviral Therapy. Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine, 21, a1062. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[28] Mandikiyana, C.L., Pascoe, M.J. and Lowe, S. (2022) Emergent Dolutegravir Resistance in Integrase-Naïve, Treatment Experienced Patients from Zimbabwe. Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine, 23, a1435. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[29] Leveille, S.G. and Thapa, S. (2017) Disability among Persons Aging with HIV/AIDS. Interdisciplinary Topics in Gerontology and Geriatrics, 42, 101-118. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[30] Yang, X., et al. (2020) Incomplete Immune Reconstitution in HIV/AIDS Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy: Challenges of Immunological Non-Responders. Journal of Leukocyte Biology, 107, 597-612. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[31] Handoko, R., et al. (2020) Determinants of Suboptimal CD4+ T Cell Recovery after Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation in a Prospective Cohort of Acute HIV-1 Infection. Journal of the International AIDS Society, 23, e25585. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[32] Darraj, M., Shafer, L.A., Chan, S., Kasper, K. and Keynan, Y. (2018) Rapid CD4 Decline Prior to Antiretroviral Therapy Predicts Subsequent Failure to Reconstitute Despite HIV Viral Sup-pression. Journal of Infection and Public Health, 11, 265-269. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[33] Shete, A., et al. (2019) Incomplete Functional T-Cell Reconstitution in Immunological Non-Responders at One Year after Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy Possibly Predisposes Them to Infectious Diseases. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 81, 114-122. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[34] Li, T., et al. (2011) Reduced Thymic Output Is a Major Mechanism of Immune Reconstitution Failure in HIV-Infected Patients after Long-Term Antiretroviral Therapy. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 53, 944-951. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[35] Sudharshan, S. and Biswas, J. (2008) Introduction and Immunopathogenesis of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. Indian Journal of Ophthalmology, 56, 357-362. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[36] Limper, A.H., Adenis, A., Le, T. and Harrison, P.T.S. (2017) Fungal Infections in HIV/AIDS. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 17, E334-E343. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[37] Huang, L. and Crothers, K. (2009) HIV-Associated Oppor-tunistic Pneumonias. Respirology, 14, 474-485. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[38] Woldegeorgis, B.Z., Diro, C.W., Yohannes, B., Kerbo, A.A. and Asgedom, Y.S. (2022) Incidence and Predictors of Opportunistic Infections in Adolescents and Adults after the Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy: A 10-Year Retrospective Cohort Study in Ethiopia. Frontiers in Public Health, 10, Article 1064859. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]

为你推荐