专业技能图谱的构建研究——高职院校技能抽查关键制控点之一

Research on the Construction of Professional Skills Graph—One of the Key Control Points of Skill Spot Check in Higher Vocational Colleges

摘要: 技能抽查制度是新时代职业院校教育评价的重要方法和依据，是提高专业建设水平和提升学生专业技能的重要手段，而专业技能图谱是保障技能抽查效能的关键要素。按“明晰专业教学标准(人才需求岗位调研)——修订人才培养方案——确定三维目标——依据就业企业——提取核心岗位(群)——明确核心技能——提炼课程体系——导出专业核心课程”构建八层级专业技能图谱的流程和注意要点，为技能抽测落地实施提供最重要的抓手与工具。高职院校、企业和政府要密切关注未来职场的需求，不断调整和优化高职专业技能图谱，为适应未来职场的需求做好准备。

Abstract: The skill spot check system is an important method and basis for the education evaluation of vocational colleges in the new era. It is an important means to improve the professional construction level and enhance students’ professional skills. The professional skill map is the key element to ensure the effectiveness of the skill spot check. According to the process and points for attention of “clarifying the professional teaching standard (investigation on the position of talent demand)— revising the talent training plan—determining the three-dimensional goal—according to the employment enterprise—extracting the core positions (groups)—clarifying the core skills—refining the curriculum system—exporting the professional core courses”, the eight-level professional skill map is constructed, which provides the most important grasping hand and tool for the implementation of skill sampling and testing. Higher vocational colleges, enterprises, and the government should pay close attention to the needs of the future workplace, constantly adjust and optimize the professional skills map of higher vocational education, and prepare for the needs of the future workplace.