间充质干细胞在慢性肝病治疗中的应用

Application on Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Treatment of Chronic Liver Disease

摘要: 自身免疫性肝炎、原发性胆汁性胆管炎、肝纤维化、肝硬化、病毒性肝炎等慢性肝病长期发展会导致不可逆的肝功能衰竭，甚至进展为肝癌。肝移植是终末期肝病唯一有效的治疗方法，但受到肝脏供体数量、免疫排斥和高昂的费用等因素的限制，急需找到可行的替代治疗方案。间充质干细胞是一种多能干细胞，因具有自我更新能力、多向分化潜能、免疫调节、低免疫原性等特点常用于肝脏疾病治疗策略的研究。本文对间充质干细胞在慢性肝病的治疗应用进行综述，总结了相关的作用机制和研究进展以及一些正在进行或已完成的临床试验，这些研究表明了间充质干细胞治疗是一种在临床上极具潜力的慢性肝病治疗策略，尤其是针对那些终末期肝病患者。

Abstract: The long-term development of chronic liver diseases will eventually lead to irreversible liver failure or even liver cancer, such as autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cholangitis, liver fibrosis, liver cirrhosis, viral hepatitis, etc. Until now non-specific drugs except liver transplantation could reverse liver fibrosis, which is the most effective treatment for end-stage liver disease. However, due to the lack of liver donors, stronger immune rejection, and higher cost, liver transplantation therapeutic was limited in clinical, making it urgent to find alternative treatment strategies. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are pluripotent stem cells, which have already been applied in the research of treatment strategies for liver diseases because of its self-renewal ability, multi-directional differentiation potential, immune regulation, and low immunogenicity. This review will focus on the therapeutic application of MSCs in chronic liver diseases, summarize the relevant research progress and molecular mechanisms, and demonstrate the completed or ongoing clinical trials. Our review shows that therapeutic based on MSCs is a potential therapeutic strategy for chronic liver disease, especially for patients suffering from end-stage liver disease.