超前镇痛在骨科手术围术期中的应用进展

Application Progress of Preemptive Analgesia in Perioperative Period of Orthopedic Surgery

摘要: 在国家日益强盛，社会文明进步，国民需求不断提高的今天，疼痛这一领域作为人类的第五大生命体征正被广泛研究。目前骨科手术围术期疼痛管理普遍采用多模式镇痛管理治疗，经过术前，术中，术后各部分时间点给予针对性处理，缓解甚至防止患者术后疼痛的产生。超前镇痛技术将镇痛的关注点聚焦在外科手术这个创伤性操作之前的时间点，采用各类镇痛及相关药物减轻患者术后疼痛及相关不良反应的发生，从而减少患者整个就医诊疗过程所需要的时间，加速病人恢复进程，以期以最短的时间恢复最佳的生活状态，最终提高医疗就诊满意评价，共建新时代良好医疗环境。本文着眼于近年超前镇痛领域在骨科手术治疗期间内的运用探索，进行归纳总结并综合阐述其在临床中的价值体现，并对未来研究的进一步发展趋势提出可能的猜想。

Abstract: Nowadays, with the increasing prosperity of the country, the progress of social civilization and the increasing needs of the people, the field of pain, as the fifth vital sign of human beings, is being widely studied. At present, multi-mode analgesic management is widely used for perioperative pain management in orthopedic surgery. Targeted treatment is given at various time points before, during and after surgery to relieve or even prevent postoperative pain. preemptive analgesia tech-nology focuses on the time point before the traumatic operation of surgery, and adopts various an-algesic and related drugs to reduce the postoperative pain and related adverse reactions of patients, so as to reduce the time required for the whole medical treatment process of patients and acceler-ate the recovery process of patients, so as to restore the best state of life in the shortest time. Finally, the satisfaction evaluation of medical treatment is improved, and a good medical environment in the new era is built. This paper focuses on the application and exploration of preemptive analgesia in orthopedic surgery in recent years, summarizes and comprehensively expounds its clinical value, and puts forward possible guesses for the further development trend of future research.