冠心病患者II期心脏康复维持或增加PA干预措施的研究进展

Research Progress on Interventions to Maintain or Increase PA in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease during Phase II Cardiac Rehabilitation

摘要: 心血管疾病(CVD)仍然是全球的头号死亡原因，有心脏事件史的人重复发生心脏事件的风险增加。缺乏运动会给患有慢性心脏病的人带来健康问题。有证据表明，体育活动(PA)作为心脏康复II期(CRII)的核心组成部分，可以降低住院率和死亡率。然而，在CRII完成几个月后，个人对PA的依从性往往会下降。本综述的目的是评价旨在帮助诊断为心肌梗死(MI)、冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)、冠状动脉疾病(CAD)和经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)的个体维持或增加CRII后PA的干预措施的当前文献。CRII完成后不久提供的干预可能有助于心脏病患者维持PA并降低发生其他心脏事件的风险；然而，还需要进行更多高质量的研究。基于平均寿命的增加，检查老年人(70岁及以上) PA维持的额外研究将是有价值的。样本量更大、更多样化、方法和结果变化更小的研究将大大提高进行高质量荟萃分析的能力。

Abstract: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the number one cause of death worldwide and people with a history of cardiac events are at increased risk of repeat cardiac events. Lack of exercise can cause health problems for people with chronic heart disease. There is evidence that physical activity (PA) as a core component of cardiac rehabilitation Phase II (CRII) can reduce hospitalization and mortal-ity rates. However, a few months after CRII completion, an individual’s adherence to PA tends to de-cline. The objective of this review was to evaluate the current literature on interventions designed to help maintain or increase PA after CRII in individuals diagnosed with myocardial infarction (MI), coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), coronary artery disease (CAD), and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Interventions provided shortly after completion of CRII may help patients with heart disease maintain PA and reduce the risk of developing other cardiac events. However, more high-quality research is needed. Based on the increase in average life expectancy, additional studies examining PA maintenance in older adults (70 years and older) would be valuable. Studies with larger sample sizes, more diversity, and less variation in methods and results will greatly improve the ability to conduct high-quality meta-analyses.