不同湿度环境条件下鼻腔加温加湿功能的数值模拟分析

Numerical Simulation Analysis of Nasal Heating and Humidification under Different Humidity Conditions

摘要: 环境空气的温度和相对湿度的变化会引起人体感受的变化，除已知暴露于周围环境中的人体体表皮肤外，人体呼吸气道也是环境空气和人体之间直接接触的场所。为了更加准确清晰地了解不同气道结构内鼻腔的加温加湿效果及对比分析，通过相关数值模拟来研究鼻腔气道结构的变化对鼻腔内部加温加湿功能的影响。利用相关人员的CT数据构建鼻腔的三维模型，将三维模型用于CFD数值模拟，模拟鼻腔内气流的流动及温度、相对湿度的变化。通过对比相同环境条件下正常健康人体鼻腔与病理状态下的人员的鼻腔内气流的数值模拟结果，发现气道结构会对鼻腔的生理功能产生影响，特别是气流的加温和加湿功能。本研究研究分析人体呼吸所在环境中空气的湿度变化对于人体呼吸感受的影响，为提高室内人员舒适性研究提供了一个新的思考方向，鼻腔结构变化对鼻腔生理功能的影响为缓解呼吸道疾病患日常生活中的气道的不适感提供理论依据。

Abstract: Changes of temperature and relative humidity of ambient air will cause changes in human percep-tion. In addition to the skin on human body surface exposed to the surrounding environment, hu-man respiratory airway is also the place of direct contact between ambient air and human body. In order to more accurately and clearly understand the effect of nasal cavity heating and humidifica-tion in different airway structures and comparative analysis, the influence of the change of nasal airway structure on the function of internal nasal cavity heating and humidification was studied by numerical simulation. CT data of relevant personnel were used to construct a three-dimensional model of the nasal cavity, and the three-dimensional model was used in CFD to simulate the flow of air in the nasal cavity and the changes of temperature and relative humidity. By comparing the numerical simulation results of the nasal flow of normal healthy people under the same environ-mental conditions with those in pathological conditions, it was found that the airway structure would affect the physiological function of the nasal cavity, especially the heating and humidification function of the airflow. This study analyzed the influence of changes in air humidity in the environ-ment where people breathe on people's breathing experience, providing a new direction of thinking for the study of improving indoor comfort. The influence of changes in nasal structure on nasal physiological function provides a theoretical basis for relieving airway discomfort in the daily life of patients with respiratory diseases.