采用等离子–电浮联合技术富集处理地表水体中微塑料的装置设计和研究

Design and Study of Device for Enrichment Treatment of Microplastics in Surface Water by Plasma-Electric Flotation Technology

摘要: 作为一种新型污染物，微塑料对生态环境和人类健康的影响越来越受到关注。目前，人们对微塑料的研究主要集中于生物系统以及毒理方面污染特性调查，工程化的微塑料清除系统尚未见报道。本文从技术的可行性和工程的可持续性出发，在实验探索的基础上设计了一种地表水体中微塑料的清洁高效富集技术及装置，它主要通过低温等离子体(气体)将微塑料荷电，使水体中的微塑料颗粒首先通过气浮的作用上浮，再通过表面的电场(电极)富集。经初步实验表明，该系统对微塑料(PP, PE, PVC)降解效率超过87%，同时对水中COD的去除率达到60%以上，是一种清洁、高效、低能耗的处理技术和装置，可以进一步推广到工业废水、生活污水处理中，为水体深度处理提供有力支撑。

Abstract: As a new type of pollutant, the impact of microplastics on the ecological environment and human health has attracted more and more attention. At present, people’s research on microplastics mainly focuses on the investigation of pollution characteristics in biological systems and toxicology and engineered microplastic removal systems have not been reported. Starting from the feasibility of technology and the sustainability of engineering, this paper designs a clean and efficient enrichment technology and device for microplastics in surface water on the basis of experimental exploration, which mainly charges microplastics through low-temperature plasma (gas), so that the micro-plastic particles in the water body first float up through the action of air flotation, and then enrich through the electric field (electrode) on the surface. Preliminary experiments show that the degra-dation efficiency of microplastics (PP, PE, PVC) exceeds 87%, and the removal rate of COD in water reaches more than 60%, which is a clean, efficient and low-energy treatment technology and device, which can be further promoted to industrial wastewater and domestic sewage treatment, and pro-vide strong support for the advanced treatment of water.