肥料减施与喷淋新型肥料对沃柑产量与品质的影响

Effect of Fertilizer Reduction and Spraying of New Fertilizer on the Yield and Quality of Orah

摘要: 为有效解决沃柑存在生产成本较高、果品销售价格低、经济效益不佳以及生长调节剂保果容易产生果皮粗糙、外观质量受影响等问题，在广西桂林以香橙砧沃柑为对象，开展了化肥、有机肥减施及喷、淋施天润系列产品对沃柑产量与品质影响的试验。结果表明，按橘肽有机肥、复合肥、土壤调理剂和尿素施肥量的25%、50%或100%施肥这3个处理的综合效果最好，可显著提高沃柑的树体生长量和果实品质，有效增加沃柑的产量；土壤沟施肥料数量减施对0~20 cm土壤养分含量的影响缺乏规律性，多数养分含量处在高量或过量的范围；按施肥量的25%~100%施肥和喷、淋天润系列肥，氮和镁含量无显著差异，磷、钾、铁、锌、锰、硼含量的差异没有呈现随着土壤沟施肥料的减少而显著下降的趋势，也没有因喷施了天润系列叶肥而显著增加，但处理的锌、锰含量均比对照(CK)显著提高；按施肥量的50%施肥的沃柑结果数和株产量最高，有明显增产效果；按施肥量的25%~100%施肥，所需水肥和叶面肥全部按试验设计喷、淋施天润系列产品，显著提高了可滴定酸和可溶性固形物含量，果实风味更浓、口感更好，果实品质明显改善，但单果重、可食率和维生素C含量的差异在两年间缺乏一致性。

Abstract: To effectively solve the Orah production cost is higher, fruit sales price is low, and the poor eco-nomic benefit and growth regulator fruit easy to peel rough, appearance quality affected, in Gua-ngxi Guilin with orange stock Orah as the object, carried out the fertilizer, organic fertilizer reduction and spray, shower tianrun series products of Orah yield and quality influence test. The results show that, according to the orange peptide organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer, soil conditioner and urea fertilizer amount of 25%, 50% or 100% fertilizer of the three treatments of the best comprehensive effect, can significantly improve the tree growth quantity and fruit quality of Orah, effectively increase the yield of Orah; lack of regularity in the influence of soil nutrient content from 0 to 20 cm, most of the nutrient content is in the range of high amount or excessive amount; according to the fertilizer amount of 25%~100% fertilizer and spray, shower day moisturizing series of fertilizer, no significant differences in nitrogen and magnesium content, the differences in the content of phosphorus, potassium, iron, zinc, manganese and boron did not show a significant decrease with the decrease of the soil ditch fertilizer, there was no significant increase due to the spraying of Tianrun series leaf fertilizer, however, the content of zinc and manganese was significantly higher than the control (CK); the highest number of results and plant yield of Orah fertilized by 50% of the fertilizer amount, it has the obvious effect of yield stimulation; 25%~100% of the fertilizer amount, the required water fertilizer and foliar fertilizer all according to the test design spray, shower Tianrun series products, significantly increased the titratable acid and soluble solid content, fruits has a stronger flavor and a better taste, fruit quality was significantly improved, however, the differences in single fruit weight, edible rate and vitamin C content lacked consistency between the two years.