浅议侵害人身权益财产损害赔偿的酌定规则——以《民法典》第1182条为中心

Brief Discussion on the Discretionary Rules for Compensation for Property Damage That Infringes on Personal Rights and Interests—Focused on Article 1182 of the Civil Code

摘要: 人格权商品化的进程不断推动人格要素在市场经济中的发展，但也衍生出诸多人身权益纠纷。《民法典》第1182条顺应经济发展趋势，在《侵权责任法》的立法基础上完善了对侵害人身权益财产损害赔偿中的法院酌定赔偿规则。法院酌定赔偿规则中的“人身权益”应当限于侵害行为会产生财产损害的人身权益；法院酌定赔偿规则的对象除了受害人的损失，也应当及于侵权人的获利，要灵活考虑二者关系；法院酌定赔偿规则过程中有诸多考虑因素，本文主要从受害人人格要素的市场价值和类案判决尺度两方面进行探讨。

Abstract: The process of commercialization of personality rights continues to promote the development of personality elements in the market economy, but also gives rise to many disputes over personal rights and interests. Article 1182 of the Civil Code, in line with the economic development trend, improves the discretionary compensation rules for property damages against personal rights and interests on the basis of the Tort Liability Law. The “personal rights and interests” in the court’s discretionary compensation rule should be limited to the personal rights and interests of the infringement that will produce property damage; the object of the court’s discretionary compensation rule should include not only the loss of the victim but also the profit of the tortfeasor, and the relationship between the two should be considered flexibly; there are many factors to be considered in the process of the court’s discretionary compensation rule. This article mainly explores the market value of victim personality factors and the scale of similar case judgments.