早产儿早期肠道菌群在早发型败血症中的意义探究

The Significance of Early Gut Microbiota in Premature Infants with Early-Onset Sepsis

摘要: 目的：应用高通量测序(16S rRNA)方法检测发生早发型败血症的中晚期早产儿早期肠道菌群分布情况，评估中晚期早产儿早期肠道菌群种类、数量及分布特点在早发型败血症诊断中的意义，为早期识别高危婴儿，减少非必要抗生素应用，预测EOS发生以及进一步发展提供临床依据。方法：随机选取2021年9月1日至2021年12月31日出生的早产儿，收集早产儿生后1 h内的第一次胎便，通过高通量测序(16S rRNA)分析技术分析胎便中肠道菌群组成。结果：肠道菌群特点：EOS组和非EOS组群落间OTU的种类和数量存在差异，非EOS组群落间OTU的种类和数量明显优于EOS组。结论：中晚期早产儿标本EOS组和标本非EOS组肠道菌群存在一定差异，标本EOS组样本物种丰富度、群落多样性均低于标本非EOS组。通过肠道菌群的分析，对中晚期早产儿EOS的发生有提示意义，早期肠道菌群有可能作为中晚期早产儿早发型败血症的筛选方法。

Abstract: Objective: High-throughput sequencing (16S rRNA) was used to detect the early intestinal flora dis-tribution of premature infants with early sepsis, The significance of evaluating the types, quantities, and distribution characteristics of early gut microbiota in mid to late stage premature infants in the diagnosis of early-onset sepsis, to provide clinical evidence for early identification of high-risk in-fants, reduction of unnecessary antibiotic use, prediction of EOS occurrence, and further develop-ment. Methods: Randomly select premature infants born from September 1, 2021 to December 31, 2021, collect the first feces of premature infants within 1 hour after birth. The composition of intes-tinal flora in fetal stool was analyzed by high-throughput sequencing (16S rRNA) analysis technolo-gy. Results: Characteristics of gut microbiota: There are differences in the types and quantities of OTUs between the EOS group and non EOS group communities. The types and quantities of OTUs in non EOS groups were significantly better than those in EOS groups. Conclusion: There are certain differences in the intestinal flora between the EOS group and the non EOS group of mid and late preterm infants. The species richness and community diversity of the EOS group were lower than those of the non EOS group. The analysis of intestinal microflora may have implications for the oc-currence of EOS in mid to late preterm infants. Early intestinal flora may be used as a screening method for early onset sepsis in mid to late preterm infants.