正面碰撞下电动汽车驾驶员腿部伤害优化

Leg Injury Optimization for EV Drivers Based on Frontal Collisions

摘要: 基于2021版C-NCAP (China-New Car Assessment Program)，对某款新能源SUV进行正面100%重叠刚性壁障碰撞试验(50FRB)，通过50FRB试验提取驾驶员假人的伤害曲线结果显示假人小腿伤害超标。针对这一问题采用Hyperworks和Primer软件搭建该车型约束系统有限元模型，用Ls-Dyna非显性动力学求解器进行运算求解，并将仿真结果与试验结果进行对标。以对标合格的有限元模型为基础，根据分析结果选取优化参数，对安全带限力值，安全带点火时间，假人与座椅发泡之间的摩擦系数，假人与地毯摩擦系数这4个参数采用正交试验设计的方法进行优化，探寻出最优的设计方案。根据优化方案可知，优化后驾驶员假人小腿指数TI (Tibia Index)下降了29.63%，小腿压缩力(Tibia FZ)下降了31.75%。

Abstract: According to the requirements of the 2021 version of C-NCAP, a 50FRB test of New Energy car was carried out. The injury curve of the driver’s dummy was extracted through the 50FRB test, and the results showed that the Tibia injury of the dummy exceeded the standard. To solve this problem, Hyperworks and Primer software were used to build the finite element model of the vehicle con-straint system. Ls-Dyna is used to display the nonlinear dynamics solver, and the finite element re-sults are benchmarked with the experimental results. Based on the qualified finite element model and the analysis results, selecting optimization parameters of the vehicle constraint system. The four parameters of seat belt limit, seat belt ignition time, friction coefficient between dummy and seat foam, and friction coefficient between dummy and carpet were optimized by orthogonal ex-perimental design to explore the optimal design scheme. According to the optimized results, the optimized tibia index of driver dummy decreased by 29.63%, the tibia FZ decreased by 31.75%.