城市轨道交通碳减排测算——以广州为例

Calculation of Carbon Emission Reduction in Urban Rail Transit—Taking Guangzhou as an Example

摘要: 近年来，由于全球的能源危机、气候变化以及环境问题的日益突出。城市轨道交通建设带来的碳减排，是轨道交通外部性效益的一部分，交通运输作为国家应对气候变化工作部署中确定的以低碳排放为特征的三大产业体系之一，应推进其能源结构变革和以能源自洽为特征的新型轨道交通能源系统发展。碳交易的实施必须建立在合理的碳减排测算模型和可靠的碳减排测算结果上。文章参考已有的CCER方法学设计基础上，以城市轨道交通线路为对象，提出基于替代法的碳排放总量进行碳减排测算的方法，并以广州地铁为对象，以一年为一个统计周期进行碳减排测算。测算结果表明，广州地铁一个统计周期内的碳减排量为92.02万tCO₂，减排幅度达到了58.4%。

Abstract: In recent years, due to the global energy crisis, climate change and environmental problems have become increasingly prominent. The carbon emission reduction brought by urban rail transit construction is part of the externality benefits of rail transit, and the implementation of carbon trading can provide a means for internalizing the environmental externality benefits. Transportation, as one of the three major industrial systems characterized by low carbon emissions identified in the national work deployment to address climate change. We should promote the reform of its energy structure and the development of a new rail transit energy system characterized by energy self-consistency. The implementation of carbon trading must be based on a reasonable carbon emission reduction calculation model and reliable carbon emission reduction calculation results. Based on the existing CCER methodology design, this article proposes a carbon emission reduction calculation method based on the substitution method for urban rail transit lines. The carbon emission reduction calculation is conducted on the Guangzhou Metro with a statistical cycle of one year. The calculation results show that the carbon reduction of Guangzhou Metro in a statistical period is 920,191 tCO₂, with a reduction rate of 58.4%.