大学生抑郁与五态人格、社会支持及生活事件的关系

The Relationship of Depression to Five-Pattern Personality, Social Support and Life Events in College Students

摘要: 目的：探讨大学生的抑郁与五态人格、社会支持及生活事件的关系。方法：选取1600名大学生，采用贝克抑郁自评量表(BDI)、五态人格测验(FPPI)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)和青少年生活事件量表(ASLEC)分别测量其抑郁、五态人格、社会支持及生活事件现状。结果：大学生的抑郁检出率为48.1%，重度抑郁检出率为3.5%，专科生的BDI总分高于本科生(P < 0.001)；FPPI中少阳、阴阳平和、太阴型人格维度上的得分显著低于全国高校同龄常模(P < 0.05)；SSRS上本科生、非独生子女得分显著高于专科生、独生子女(P < 0.01)；ASLEC上男大学生、专科生、非独生子女、农村生源大学生的得分显著高于女大学生、本科生、独生子女、城镇大学生(P < 0.05)；BDI总分与FPPI中太阳、少阳、阴阳平和分量表得分及SSRS得分呈负相关(r = −0.1~−0.33, P < 0.01)，与太阴分量表及ASLEC得分呈正相关(r = 0.52, r = 0.38, P < 0.01)；太阴、ASLEC总分及学历对BDI总分有正向预测作用，太阳和阴阳平和及SSRS总分对BDI总分有负向预测作用，其联合解释率为61.7%。结论：大学生抑郁受到太阴人格及生活事件的正向影响，受太阳、阴阳平和及社会支持的负向影响。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the relationship of depression to five-pattern personality, social support and life events in college students. Method: 1600 college students were selected. Beck Depression Rating Scale (BDI), Five-Pattern Personality Inventory (FPPI), Social Support Revalued Scale (SSRS) and Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check List (ASLEC) were adopted to measure the college students’ depression, five-pattern personality, social support and life events, respectively. Result: The prevalence of depression was 48.1%, and the prevalence of major depression was 3.5%. The total BDI score of junior college students is higher than that of undergraduates (P < 0.001). The scores of Shaoyang, equilibrium of Yin and Yang, Taiyin personality dimensions in FPPI were significantly lower than the national norm of the same age (P < 0.05). The scores of undergraduates and non-only children on SSRS were significantly higher than those of junior college students and only children (P < 0.01). The ASLEC scores of male college students, junior college students, non-only-child students and rural college students were significantly higher than those of female college students, undergraduates, only-child students and urban college students (P < 0.05). The total score of BDI was negatively correlated with the scores of Taiyang, Shaoyang, equilibrium of Yin and Yang in FPPI and SSRS (r = −0.1~−0.33, P < 0.01), and positively correlated with the scores of Taiyin and ASLEC (r = 0.52, r = 0.38, P < 0.01). The score of Taiyin, ASLEC and educational background had positive predictive effect on the total score of BDI, while the score of Taiyang, equilibrium of Yin and Yang and SSRS had negative predictive effect on the total score of BDI, with the joint interpretation rate of 61.7%. Conclusion: The depression of college students was affected positively by Taiyin personality and life events, and affected negatively by Taiyang, equilibrium of Yin and Yang and social support.