我国商业银行发展金融科技对信贷风险的影响——基于银行异质性的分析

The Impact of China’s Commercial Banks’ Development of Fintech on Credit Risk—An Analysis Based on Bank Heterogeneity

摘要: 近年来金融与科技深度融合发展，使我国以及世界的经济环境产生了巨大的变化，作为我国关键金融机构的商业银行，在经济发展中乃是不可或缺的一环，我国经济体系的安全也是以商业银行的稳定为前提的。本文将相关文献进行梳理，研究了金融科技和信贷风险等方面的理论，并分析商业银行发展金融科技对信贷风险的影响机理。之后对于指数构建方面，采用文本挖掘法通过商业银行年报来构建商业银行金融科技指数。最后在实证分析环节采用固定效应模型，验证了商业银行发展金融科技对其信贷风险的影响。本文的研究表明，商业银行发展金融科技可以降低信贷风险。不同类型的商业银行发展金融科技对信贷风险的影响不同，系统重要性银行发展金融科技对降低银行信用风险的效果更为明显。

Abstract: In recent years, the deep convergence of finance and technology has brought about significant changes in the Chinese and global economic environment. As China’s major financial institutions, commercial banks are crucial to economic development, and the security of the Chinese economic system depends on the stability of commercial banks. This paper reviews the relevant literature, examines the theory of financial technology and credit risk, and analyzes the mechanism by which the development of commercial banks’ financial technology affects credit risk. Then, using annual reports of commercial banks, a text mining method is applied to construct a fintech index of commercial banks. Finally, the empirical analysis uses a fixed effects model to examine the impact of commercial banks’ financial technology development on credit risk. The research in this paper shows that the development of financial technology of commercial banks can reduce credit risk. Different types of commercial banks develop financial technology with different impact on credit risk, and the development of financial technology of systemically important banks has a greater impact on reducing banks’ credit risk.