殷墟公共考古经验、现存问题与实践路径

Experience of Public Archaeology, Existing Problems and Practice Paths of Yin Ruins

摘要: 公共考古的概念自二十世纪九十年代被引入中国，在此之前，中国虽没有公共考古这一正式概念，但公共考古的实践随着中国考古学的发展早已逐渐产生。殷墟与中国考古事业的发展息息相关，1928年殷墟考古发掘被学界广泛视作田野考古学在中国诞生的标志，自此之后的每一次发掘都引起民众的广泛关注，因而殷墟也被认为是公共考古的早期阵地之一。从研究空白、形式简单到多措并举，内容丰富，伴随殷墟九十多年发掘过程的公共考古工作也一定程度上反映了我国公共考古的发展历程，具有重要意义和宝贵的经验财富。但同时也应注意到，新形势下的殷墟公共考古工作也存在一些问题。因此本文将殷墟公共考古长期实践历程中的经验与现存问题和现实特点相结合，探索基于“交流”与“阐释”有机互动的公共考古实践新路径。

Abstract: The concept of public archaeology has been introduced into China since the 1990s. Before this, although there is no formal concept of public archaeology in China, the practice of public archaeology has been gradually produced with the development of Chinese archaeology. Yin ruins is closely related to the development of Chinese archaeology. In 1928, the archaeological excavation of Yin ruins was widely regarded as a symbol of the birth of field archaeology in China. Since then, every excavation has attracted wide attention from the public, so Yin ruins is also regarded as one of the early positions of public archaeology. From the blank, simple form to multiple measures, the public archaeological work accompanying the excavation process of Yin ruins for more than 90 years also reflects the development process of public archaeology in China to a certain extent, which is of great significance and valuable experience wealth. But at the same time, it should be noted that there are also some problems in the public archaeological work of Yin ruins under the new situation. Therefore, this paper combines the experience in the long-term practice of public archaeology in Yin ruins with the existing problems and practical characteristics, and explores a new path of public archaeology practice based on the organic interaction between “communication” and “interpretation”.