多功能介词“由”二语习得顺序考察及偏误类型

A Study on the Order and Types of Errors in Second Language Acquisition of the Multifunctional Preposition “You”

摘要: 介词“由”具有多种意义和用法，从二语习得视角出发，本文将介词“由”标记的语义角色归纳为引进施事、方式、原因及起点，将其标记为“由₁”、“由₂”、“由₃”、“由₄”。基于北京语言大学HSK动态作文语料库，发现介词“由”各个意义和用法的输出频率有所不同。综合正确使用相对频率和习得区间法，发现多功能介词“由”的习得顺序为“由₁ > 由₄ > 由₂ > 由₃”，介词“由”所代表的各个意义及用法的偏误表现情况有所不同。

Abstract: The preposition “由” has various meanings and usages. From the perspective of second language acquisition, this paper categorizes the semantic roles marked by the preposition “由” as the introduction of the giving thing, the way, the reason and the starting point, and marks them as “由₁”, “由₂”, “由₃” and “由₄”. Based on the HSK dynamic composition corpus of Beijing Language and Culture University, it was found that the output frequency of each meaning and usage of the preposition “由” varied. Using a combination of relative frequency and acquisition interval methods, the order of acquisition of the multifunctional preposition “由” was found to be “由₁ > 由₄ > 由₂ > 由₃”, with different levels of misrepresentation of the meanings and uses of the preposition“由”.