老年人衰弱与生存质量的相关性

Correlation between Frailty and Quality of Life in Older People

摘要: 目的：了解西安市某三甲医院住院老年人衰弱与生存质量的相关关系。方法：采取方便抽样法选取西安市某三甲医院老年心血管科住院病人201例60岁及以上的老年人，通过衰弱筛查量表和简易健康相关生存质量量表SF12了解老年人的衰弱与生存质量的相关性。结果：201例住院老年人中无衰弱有41例(20.4%)，衰弱前期有81例(40.3%)，衰弱期有79例(39.3%)。老年人中患有脑卒中和慢性阻塞性肺疾病的衰弱得分具有统计学意义。简易健康相关生存质量量表8个维度得分分别为：总体健康25 (25, 50)分，生理功能50 (0, 100)分，生理职能50 (25, 75)分，情感职能50 (37.5, 75)分，躯体疼痛50 (50, 100)分，精神健康62.5 (50, 75)分，精力50 (50, 75)分，社会功能50 (25, 75)分｡住院老年人衰弱总分与生存质量各维度得分呈负相关(P < 0.01)｡结论：患有慢性病的老年人更易衰弱，其中以脑卒中和慢性阻塞性肺疾病居多。衰弱程度与生存质量各维度呈负相关，衰弱越严重，生存质量越差。住院老年人衰弱前期的占比最多，在临床中要更多关注衰弱前期，防止衰弱前期向衰弱期转化，同时也要关注提升老年人的生活质量。

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To understand the correlation between frailty and quality of survival in older adults hospitalized in a tertiary hospital in Xi’an. METHODS: A convenience sampling method was used to select 201 cases of older adults aged 60 years and above hospitalized in the geriatric cardiovascular unit of a tertiary hospital in Xi’an to understand the correlation between frailty and quality of sur-vival in older adults using the Frailty Screening Scale and the Simple Health-Related Quality of Sur-vival Scale SF12. RESULTS: Forty-one (20.4%) of the 201 hospitalised older adults had no frailty, 81 (40.3%) had pre-frailty and 79 (39.3%) had frailty. The frailty scores were statistically significant among older adults with stroke and COPD. The scores on the eight dimensions of the Brief Health-Related Quality of Life Scale were: General health 25 (25, 50), physical functioning 50 (0, 100), physical functioning 50 (25, 75), emotional functioning 50 (37.5, 75), somatic pain 50 (50, 100), mental health 62.5 (50, 75), and energy 50 (50, 75). There was a negative correlation between the total frailty score and the scores of the dimensions of quality of life in hospitalised older people (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Older people with chronic diseases were more likely to be frail, with stroke and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) being the most prevalent. The degree of frailty was negatively correlated with the quality of survival dimensions, with the more severe the frailty, the worse the quality of survival. Pre-frailty is the most prevalent in hospitalised older people. More attention should be paid to pre-frailty in clinical practice to prevent the transformation of pre-frailty into frailty, as well as to improve the quality of life of older people.