老年脑卒中患者家庭主要照顾者心理体验的质性研究

Qualitative Study on Psychological Experience of Family Primary Caregivers of Elderly Stroke Patients

摘要: 目的：了解老年脑卒中家庭主要照顾者的心理体验，并提出相应建议。方法采用质性研究方法，于2023年2~4月对贵阳市某三级甲等医院康复科老年脑卒中患者的家庭主要照顾者进行深度访谈，采用Claizzi现象学资料7步分析法对资料进行分析。结果：共访谈了10名老年脑卒中家庭主要照顾者，共提炼4个主题分别是心理压力和负担、情绪波动、社会关怀和理解、自我关怀与调试。结论：家庭主要照顾者在照顾老年脑卒中患者的过程中经历了巨大的心理负担。强调了对家庭主要照顾者提供支持和关注的重要性，如提供心理支持、教育和培训、社会支持网络的建立、照顾者的自我照顾、家庭支持和合作、提供经济支持和资源等以促进他们的心理健康和提高照顾质量。

Abstract: Objective: To understand the psychological experience of the main caregivers of elderly stroke families, and to make corresponding suggestions. Methods: Qualitative research methods were used to conduct in-depth interviews with the main family caregivers of elderly stroke patients in the rehabilitation department of a third-level A hospital in Guiyang from February to April 2023, and the data were analyzed by using the 7-step method of Claizzi phenomenological data. Results: A total of 10 main caregivers of elderly stroke families were interviewed, and four themes were extracted, namely, psychological stress and burden, emotional fluctuation, social care and understanding, and self-care and adjustment. Conclusion: Family primary caregivers experience a great psychological burden in the process of caring for elderly stroke patients. The importance of providing support and attention to family primary caregivers, such as the provision of psychological support, education and training, the establishment of social support networks, caregiver self-care, family support and cooperation, and the provision of financial support and resources to promote their mental health and improve the quality of care, was highlighted.