2260例城乡缺血性脑卒中患者发病时血脂水平回顾性分析

Retrospective Analysis of Blood Lipid Levels at Onset of 2260 Patients with Ischemic Stroke in Urban and Rural Areas

摘要: 目的：了解十堰市缺血性脑卒中患者血脂水平变化的特点，为本地区控制居民血脂水平、防治脑卒中提供科学依据。方法：采用回顾性分析的方法，选取2018年5月~2019年4月十堰市太和医院和人民医院因缺血性脑卒中入院的2284例患者，筛选符合纳入与排除标准的病例共2260例。根据患者的性别、年龄及城乡来源进行分组，分析不同年龄、不同性别以及不同城乡来源脑卒中患者的血脂水平。结果：男性1388例(61.42%)，女性872例(38.58%)，年龄23~97岁，平均年龄(63.52 ± 11.61)岁。女性患者总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平均高于男性，差异有统计学意义(P< 0.01)。患者TC、三酰甘油(TG)、LDL-C水平随着年龄的增长不断下降，HDL-C水平随着年龄的增长不断升高，差异有统计学意义(P < 0.01)。农村组患者TC、HDL-C水平高于城市组，差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。中青年组(<60岁)不同城乡来源患者血脂水平比较，差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。老年组(≥60岁)患者中，农村组患者TC、HDL-C和LDL-C水平高于城市组，差异有统计学意义(P < 0.01)。结论：脑卒中患者的血脂水平存在城乡差异，农村患者的血脂水平高于城市，特别是老年男性患者，年龄是其重要的影响因素。应加强这类人群日常血脂水平的监管及健康教育，以降低血脂异常患病率，防治脑卒中的发生。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the changes of blood lipid level of ischemic stroke patients in Shiyan City, and to provide scientific basis for controlling blood lipid level of residents and preventing and treating stroke in this area. Methods: A total of 2284 patients with ischemic stroke were admitted to Taihe hospital and People’s Hospital from 2018-05 to 2019-04, and 2260 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were screened. Patients were divided into groups according to their gender, age and urban and rural origin, and the blood lipid levels of stroke patients with different ages, genders and urban and rural origin were analyzed. Results: There were 1388 males (61.42%) and 872 females (38.58%), with an average age of (63.52 ± 11.61) years (range, 23~97 years). The levels of total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in women were higher than those in men, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.01). The levels of TC, TG and LDL-C in patients decreased with age, while the level of HDL-C increased with age, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.01). The levels of TC and HDL-C in rural group were higher than those in urban group, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). There was no difference in blood lipid levels between young and middle-aged patients (< 60 years old) from different urban and rural areas (P > 0.05). In the elderly group (≥60 years old), the levels of TC, HDL-C and LDL-C in rural group were higher than those in urban group, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.01). Conclusion: The blood lipid level of stroke patients is different between urban and rural areas. The blood lipid levels of rural patients are higher than that of urban patients, especially the elderly male patients. Age is an important influencing factor. It is necessary to strengthen the supervision and health education of the daily blood lipid level of these people, to reduce the prevalence of dyslipidemia and prevent the occurrence of stroke.