山西省生态用水发展态势的初步分析

Preliminary Analysis of the Development Trend of Ecological Water Use in Shanxi Province

摘要: 研究通过对2011~2020年山西省生态用水量的发展态势进行研究，得出以下结论：(1) 山西省十年间生态用水量和总用水量的变化均呈现增加趋势，但二者变化并不完全同步；生态用水水平高于同期全国平均水平，但仍有上升空间；(2) 临汾市、朔州市、晋城市、忻州四市的生态用水量变化幅度较小，增加趋势不明显；大同市、长治市、太原市、吕梁市、晋中市、运城市六市的生态用水量呈增加趋势，且变化幅度明显；阳泉市在研究期的生态用水变化呈下降趋势；(3) 10年间山西省人均生态用水水平整体呈上升趋势，表明各市居民大都从水资源投入生态环境维护中的取得收益，但各市间的收益多少存在不平衡情况；(4) 政策因素对于增加生态用水投入和用水结构优化有积极的影响。

Abstract: The study has drawn the following conclusions by examining the development trend of ecological water consumption in Shanxi Province from 2011 to 2020: (1) The changes in ecological water consumption and total water consumption in Shanxi Province over the past ten years both show an increasing trend, but the changes are not completely synchronized; the ecological water consumption level is higher than the national average over the same period, but there is still room for increase; (2) The changes in ecological water consumption in Linfen, Shuozhou, Jincheng and Xinzhou are small and not obvious; the ecological water consumption in Datong, Changzhi, Taiyuan, Luliang, Jinzhong and Yuncheng show an increasing trend and the changes are obvious; the ecological water consumption in Yangquan shows a decreasing trend during the study period; (3) The per capita ecological water consumption in Shanxi Province as a whole tends to increase over the 10-year period, indicating that residents in each city mostly benefit from water resources invested in ecological environment maintenance, but there is an imbalance in the amount of benefits among cities; (4) Policy factors have a positive influence on the increase of ecological water use input and the optimization of water use structure.