我国老年人未来养老居住意愿影响因素研究——基于CLHLS 2018数据库

Research on the Influencing Factors of the Future Retirement Residence Intention of the Elderly in China—Based on CLHLS 2018 Database

摘要: 随着人口老龄化现象的加剧，老年人的实际照护需求在养老服务资源相对缺乏的条件下显得十分重要，我们需要深入了解老年人的真实养老居住意愿及其影响因素。本研究基于中国老年健康调查(CLHLS) 2018年数据，分析了老年人未来养老居住意愿的影响因素，并探讨了这些因素是否随着年龄的变化而发生变化。研究发现，相对于老年人选择独居的情况，心理韧性高比心理韧性低的低龄老年人选择与子女同住的概率会显著减少，更有可能选择入住敬老院、养老公寓或福利院等养老机构。同时，加入经济支持、社区支持以及照料等相关变量的考量，发现其对老年人的养老居住选择同样有着显著影响，本文也结合研究结论与实际进行讨论。

Abstract: With the aggravation of the aging of the population, the actual care needs of the elderly are very important under the condition of the relative lack of elderly care service resources, and we need to deeply understand the real willingness of the elderly to live in the elderly and its influencing factors. Based on the 2018 data of the China Elderly Health Survey (CLHLS), this study analyzes the influencing factors of the elderly’s future retirement and residence intention, and explores whether these factors change with age. The study found that compared with the elderly choosing to live alone, the probability of young elderly people with high psychological toughness compared with low mental toughness choosing to live with their children is significantly reduced, and they are more likely to choose to live in nursing homes for the elderly, pension apartments or welfare homes. At the same time, adding the consideration of related variables such as economic support, community support and care, it is found that it also has a significant impact on the elderly living choice, and this paper also discusses the research conclusions and practice.