法治轨道上智能合同应用概述

Overview of the Application of Smart Contracts on the Track of the Rule of Law

摘要: 数字科技时代，合同作为市场交易的基石，已经随着区块链技术衍生出全新的智能合同形式。智能合同不仅影响着新的法律契约秩序形成，更会对科技推动下社会发展产生深刻影响。将智能合同嵌入法治体系能够有效增加社会运行效率、减少程序链条过程导致的不确定性。以智能合同为代表的技术进步，事先确定纷争程序主动执行内容，越过裁判机构在区块链系统中直接化解纷争。实际应用阶段，将可穷尽的义务写入智能合同限制不可穷尽的权利，简化智能合同权利义务程序搭建，兼容地衔接规范性文件构建法律生态体系网。最后达成激励或约束缔约主体的行为，促成最优合同的实现。

Abstract: In the era of digital technology, contracts, as the cornerstone of market transactions, have derived a new form of smart contracts with blockchain technology. Smart contracts not only affect the formation of a new legal contract order, but also have a profound impact on social development driven by technology. Embedding smart contracts into the rule of law system can effectively increase the efficiency of social operations and reduce the uncertainty caused by the process of the program chain. Technological progress represented by smart contracts, pre-determining the content of the active execution of the dispute procedure, bypassing the referee institution to directly resolve disputes in the blockchain system. In the practical application stage, we write exhaustible obligations into smart contracts to limit inexhaustible rights, simplify the construction of rights and obligations procedures in smart contracts, and compatibly connect normative documents to build a legal ecosystem network. In the end, the incentive or restraint behavior of the contracting parties is achieved, which leads to the realization of the optimal contract.