代谢组学技术在慢性阻塞性肺疾病研究中的运用

The Application of Metabolomics Technology in the Study of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

摘要: 慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)是一种慢性呼吸道的异质性疾病，与心血管疾病、代谢综合症等多系统疾病发生发展密切相关，严重影响患者生活质量，同时给患者的家庭和社会带来了巨大的经济负担。目前COPD发病机制尚未完全阐明，而且诊断和治疗手段有限。近些年，代谢组学的兴起为该病提供了新的方法手段。因此，代谢组学是对小分子代谢物及其产生过程中的分支的研究，当机体处于病理生理状态时，可以检测到生物途径的细微变化，反映有机体的当前代谢状态，深入了解各种生理条件和异常过程的机制。本文介绍了代谢组学，通过揭示氨基酸、脂质在COPD中的病理生理机制以及从血液、呼吸、组织代谢组学三方面阐述了基于代谢组学技术在COPD研究中的运用，为复杂的呼吸系统疾病研究提供了技术手段，有益于进一步明确COPD发病及其进展的机制。

Abstract: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic respiratory heterogeneous disease, which is closely related to the development of multiple system diseases such as cardiovascular dis-ease and metabolic syndrome, and seriously influences the quality of life of patients, while causing a huge economic burden to the patients’ families and society back. The pathogenesis of COPD is not yet fully elucidated, and the diagnostic and therapeutic tools are limited. In recent years, the rise of metabolomics has provided new methodological tools for this disease. Therefore, metabolomics is the study of small molecule metabolites and their branches in the production process, and when the organism is in a pathophysiological state, it can detect subtle changes in biological pathways, reflect the current metabolic state of the organism, and provide insight into the mechanisms of various physiological conditions and abnormal processes. In this paper, metabolomics is introduced, and the use of metabolomics-based technologies in COPD research is described by revealing the patho-physiological mechanisms of amino acids and lipids in COPD as well as from the three aspects of blood, respiratory and tissue metabolomics, which provide technical means for the study of complex respiratory diseases, and are useful for further clarifying the mechanisms of COPD pathogenesis and its progression.