阿尔兹海默病睡眠困难患者的应对措施

Response to Sleep Difficulties in Alzheimer’s Disease Patients

摘要: 探讨阿尔兹海默病患者睡眠困难所采取的应对措施及改善效果。为改善阿尔茨海默病病人的睡眠质量，提供科学依据。方法：首先全面检索中英文数据库中，阿尔茨海默病患者入睡障碍的影响因素和干预措施。然后，根据学术评价体系和治疗规范来独立遴选论文、搜集相关研究资料、评定论文品质，并分别对所采取的护理干预措施进行了描述性分析。结果：最终收入12篇论文，10篇为随机对照研究，2篇为队列研究。在临床诊断上，阿尔茨海默病，一种起病隐匿的进行性发展的神经退行性疾病。好发于老年人群，随着疾病的发展，患者会出现妄想、记忆力下降等各种神经或精神病症，严重影响着病人的神经生理功能、智力水平，疾病常伴随睡眠品质的下降。科学研究证实，超过50%以上老年痴呆症患者会导致睡眠品质低下，夜间根本无法入睡，长此以往直接危害病人的机体身心健康，病人也会产生萎靡不振、饮食功能障碍等症状。因此，阿尔茨海默病患者须及时制订相应的干预方案并实施心理干预，以便提高和改进患者的睡眠品质。结论：通过对阿尔兹海默病睡眠困难患者采取相应的处理方法，能够改变阿尔兹海默病患者行为、精神状态情况，进而改变睡眠障碍，改善生活质量状况。

Abstract: This study aims to explore the coping strategies and improvement effects adopted for sleep difficulties in Alzheimer’s disease patients and provide scientific basis for improving their sleep quality. Methods: Firstly, a comprehensive search was conducted in Chinese and English databases for factors influencing insomnia in Alzheimer’s disease patients and intervention measures. Then, according to academic evaluation system and treatment standards, papers were independently selected, relevant research data was collected, and paper quality was assessed, and descriptive analysis was conducted for the nursing intervention measures taken. Results: Finally, 12 papers were included, of which 10 were randomized controlled studies and 2 were cohort studies. Clinically, Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive degenerative neurological disease with insidious onset that is more common in the elderly population. With the development of the disease, patients experience various neurological or psychiatric symptoms, such as delusions and decreased memory, which seriously affect their neurological and intellectual functions. The disease is often accompanied by a decline in sleep quality. Scientific research has proven that sleep quality is lower in over 50% of elderly dementia patients, who cannot fall asleep at night and this directly endangers the physical and mental health of patients for a long time, leading to symptoms such as depression, and eating disorders. Therefore, Alzheimer’s disease patients need to develop appropriate intervention plans in a timely manner and implement psychological interventions to improve their sleep quality. Conclusion: Through adopting corresponding treatment methods for Alzheimer’s disease patients with sleep difficulties, their behavior and mental state can be changed, and sleep disorders can be improved, which in turn can improve the quality of life.