“保险 + 期货”模式的运行机制、国际比较与发展探析

Operation Mechanism, International Comparison, and Policy Suggestions for the “Insurance + Futures” Model

摘要: 农业保险创新模式中的“保险 + 期货”模式是中国独有的，该模式相比于传统的农业保险具有更准确的风险定价和管理能力，提供市场价格风险保护，综合管理农业风险，提高市场流动性和价格发现功能，以及促进农业可持续发展。目前，农产品“保险 + 期货”项目已经进入稳步扩大的阶段，模式逐渐完善，尽管该模式在农业风险管理方面具有潜力，但当前仍存在监管框架、信息不对称、产品设计和定价、参与主体能力和意愿，以及市场流动性等方面的不足。本文从“保险 + 期货”模式的运行机制入手，将该模式的发展脉络与底层逻辑阐述清楚，同时与美国的农业收入保险进行对比，进而提出关于该模式健康、可持续发展的建议。

Abstract: The “Insurance + Futures” model, as an innovative approach to agricultural insurance, is unique to China. This model offers more accurate risk pricing and management capabilities compared to traditional agricultural insurance, providing protection against market price risks, comprehensive agricultural risk management, enhanced market liquidity and price discovery functions, and promoting sustainable agricultural development. Currently, the “Insurance + Futures” projects for agricultural products have entered a stage of steady expansion, with the model gradually improving. Despite its potential in agricultural risk management, there are still shortcomings in regulatory frameworks, information asymmetry, product design and pricing, capabilities and willingness of participating entities, as well as market liquidity. This paper starts by examining the operation mechanism of the “Insurance + Futures” model, elucidating its development trajectory and under-lying logic. It further compares this model with the agricultural income insurance in the United States, and presents suggestions for the healthy and sustainable development of the model.