论商品房买卖合同中的法定合同联立

On the Statutory Joinder of Contracts in Contracts for the Sale and Purchase of Commercial Property

摘要: 《商品房买卖司法解释》突破了合同的相对性，使得商品房买卖中买卖合同与借贷合同相互联立，合同联立存在解释的空间。合同联立是独立合同之间因交易一体性而效力相互关联，不同于混合合同、主从合同。合同联立可以分为意定的合同联立和法定的合同联立，法定的合同联立的正当性基础是消费者保护。我国合同联立制度和德国相比，仅规定了取回直索权，适用范围更窄，主体没有限定。根据解释及类推适用《民法典》第490条、第549条可得出一般意义上的合同联立理论、取回直索权与抗辩直索权、主体限定为消费者。

Abstract: The Judicial Interpretation of the Sale and Purchase of Commercial Properties breaks through the relativity of the contract, making the contract of sale and purchase of commercial properties and the contract of lending and borrowing linked to each other, and there is room for interpretation of the linkage of contracts. The contract is independent of the contract between the effectiveness of the transaction of the unity of the interrelated, unlike mixed contracts, master and slave contract. The contractual linkage can be divided into intentional contractual linkage and statutory contractual linkage, and the justification of statutory contractual linkage is based on consumer protection. Compared with Germany, our contractual association system only provides for the right to retrieve the direct claim, the scope of application is narrower, and the subject is not limited. According to the interpretation and analogous application of Articles 490 and 549 of the Civil Code, the theory of contractual association in the general sense, the right of recoupment and the right of defence, and the subject matter is limited to the consumer.