农村发展互助养老的困境及改进策略

Dilemmas and Improvement Strategies of Rural Mutual Aid Pension Development

摘要: 伴随着中国经济的快速发展，人民收入增加的同时，老龄化的程度也在不断加深。但是由于我国养老服务设施短缺造成了大部分的农村老人年老之后并不能很好的得到很好的养老服务，在此背景下，农村互助养老应运而生，成为解决当下农村养老问题的关键路径。近几年来，我国在政策和实践上都对互助养老进行了不懈的探索，取得了一定的成效，但是当下农村互助养老的发展仍然存在着养老服务供给和需求不匹配、缺乏资金支持、互助机制不健全等问题。因此，在此基础之上农村互助养老的过程中应该充分了解当地老人的需求，满足老人的实际需求；通过多元主体的参与，拓宽筹资渠道来扩大资金来源，并充分提高农村居民对互助养老的认识了，促进农村互助养老制度的可持续发展。

Abstract: Along with the rapid development of China’s economy, people’s income is increasing and the degree of aging is deepening. However, due to the shortage of elderly service facilities in China, most of the elderly in rural areas do not have good access to good elderly care services when they grow old. In this context, rural mutual aid pensions have emerged as a key path to solving the current rural elderly care problems. In recent years, China has made unremitting exploration of mutual care in both policy and practice, and has achieved certain results, but the development of rural mutual care still has problems such as mismatch between supply and demand of elderly services, lack of financial support, and inadequate mutual aid mechanism. Therefore, the process of rural mutual pension should fully understand the needs of the local elderly and meet their actual needs; expand the source of funds through the participation of multiple subjects, broaden the financing channels, and fully raise the awareness of rural residents about mutual pension, so as to promote the sustainable development of the rural mutual pension system.