新旧宁波奉化站气象要素差异性对比分析

Comparative Analysis of the Differences in Meteorological Elements between the New and Old Ningbo Fenghua Meteorological Station

摘要: 宁波奉化国家气象站于2014年1月1日迁址，新旧站的地理环境存在差异。本文通过对2013年新旧站的气温、相对湿度、风向风速、平均气压进行对比分析，发现两站的气象观测要素存在明显差异，其中新站的平均气温和平均气压较旧站偏低，相对湿度偏高，夏季的平均风速偏大，造成差异的原因主要与观测站的拔海高度及变化以及城市化进程相关。同时，通过对新旧站的气温进行线性拟合，建立了订正方程，从而使新旧资料间能够连续使用，为今后当地气象资料的科学应用提供依据。

Abstract: The National General Station in Ningbo Fenghua has been moved on January 1, 2014, and differ-ences exist in geographical environment between the new and old stations. Based on the comparative analysis of the temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and air pressure data, obvious differences are found between two stations’ meteorological observation elements. The results indicate that, the mean temperature and air pressure in new station are both lower, the relative humidity is higher, and the wind speed in summer is faster than those of the old station, the significant differences in these elements are highly related to stations’ altitude and the urbanization process. At last, the line regression equations of the temperature between the new and old stations are fitted by using the least square method, which realizes the continuous use of the observation data of the two stations and offer scientific support of meteorological data application in Fenghua in the future.